With the addition of the Crime and Punishment system, why not introduce Bounty Hunting into the mix? Both for the player to partake in and be a potential obstacle for them. If you smuggle a crate of illegal booze, murder a dozen guards, and soil yourself on the Battanian king Caladog's cat, then run off to say Vlandia, there's basically nothing from what we know of the system that Battania can do about it except attack you and keep you out of their settlements if you ever come back. Therefore, I'd suggest adding in parties of Bounty Hunters that will eventually find you and if you lose to them take you back to the offended kingdom to face whatever punishment is due you. They will keep coming after you until you pay off your crimes in one way or another. This way you can't just go to the border between Battania and Vlandia, (I have no idea how things are positioned right now) commit a dozen crimes, then run to Vlandia and escape all punishment.
Conversely, if you haven't committed any crimes and want to make money or have and want to work it off with a particular kingdom, you could hunt down and turn in criminals yourself. When you enter a town you could select the "Look for Bounties" option, if there is any select one, it tells you where they are, and then you're off to find the mark somewhere on the map or in a town or fief somewhere. Find the mark, defeat them, then turn them in to the nearest lord or town of whatever faction they've offended for money or if you've got a bounty on your head yourself pay off some or all of it.
Conversely, if you haven't committed any crimes and want to make money or have and want to work it off with a particular kingdom, you could hunt down and turn in criminals yourself. When you enter a town you could select the "Look for Bounties" option, if there is any select one, it tells you where they are, and then you're off to find the mark somewhere on the map or in a town or fief somewhere. Find the mark, defeat them, then turn them in to the nearest lord or town of whatever faction they've offended for money or if you've got a bounty on your head yourself pay off some or all of it.