Suspicious Pilgrim said:
Rifleman said:
Yeah. First we had the Federalists and the Democratic Republicans. Then we had the Jacksonian Democrats and the Whigs. Then we had Republicans and Democrats. Never been a third party that could survive long in our history, or be successful in politics.
Do Whigs even count as a party? They were just an Andrew Jackson opposition group.
Two presidential successes and lots of congressional successes (even though both presidents died in office, they still won the elections, so it was a victory for the Whigs). They were a non-trivial threat to the Jacksonian Democrats up until they became the Republicans.
@Der Einzige: I know my US History very well, thank you. Success is not getting people into Congress and failing to pass any major legislation. Keeping that success of a political party is actually achieving stated goals, let's examine your claim:
Greenback Party: Active 15 years, failed to abolish paper money as was their primary party platform. Failed to win any presidential elections. Failed to block any major legislation that they opposed. Failed to weaken the banks, as was part of their party platform. Went extinct without ever achieving any of their aims.
Populist Party: Active 17 years, but only moderately noticed for 4 of those years. Failed to win any presidential elections. Party base moved to the Democrats. Party platform was weakening the national bank, a graduated income tax, direct election of Senators, 8-hour work days, and direct government control of railroads, telephones, etc. Failed to achieve any of their aims (the 17th Amendment, for direct election of Senators, was only passed after the party had ceased to exist).
Free Soil Party: Active 6 years, probably the most successful of any 3rd party since it had more than 10 congressmen at one time. Party platform was the blocking of the spread of slavery into new territories and the abolition of slavery. Only partially succeeded in the former, which weakened the party, since their whole platform was no slavery spread, period, and they compromised to allow some slavery. Failed in the latter, abolition of slavery occurred after they dissolved.
Silver Party: Active 9 years. Only influential in Nevada. Unremarkable when formed, unremarkable when dissolved.
I believe none of these were successful. They neither gave rise to nor succeeded any other political parties, and all lasted under 20 years. Most failed to succeed even a little in any of their party platforms, none ever had a president, and the most influential of them only had 16 congressmen at one time; they all failed to leave a lasting mark on American history through legislation or action, leaving that to the major two parties of their day. And all ultimately lost their party base to one of the major two parties, leaving a stripped party structure that eventually just broke down and dissolved.