He said: (Lee to Alexander)
"There are here only about 15,000 men with muskets. Suppose two
thirds, say 10,000, got away. Divided among the states their numbers
would be too insignificant to accomplish the least good. Yes! The surrender
of this army is the end of the Confederacy. As for foreign help l've
never believed we could gain our independence except by our own arms.
lf l ordered the men to go to Gen. Johnston few would go. Their homes
have been overrun by the enemy & their families need them badly. we
have now simply to look the fact in the face that the Confederacy has
failed.
And as Christian men, Gen. Alexander, you & I have no right to think
for one moment of our personal feelings or affairs. We must consider only
the effect which our action will have upon the country Ill large.
Suppose l should take your suggestion & order the army to disperse &
make their way to their homes. The men would have no rations & they
would be under no discipline. They are already demoralized by four years
of war. They would have to plunder & rob to procure subsistence. The
country would be full of lawless bands in every part, & a state of society
would ensue from which it would take the country years to recover. Then
the enemy’s cavalry would pursue in the hopes of catching the principal
officers,& wherever they went there would be fresh rapine &
destruction.
And as for myself, while you young men might afford to go to
bushwhacking, the only proper & dignified course for me would be to
surrender myself & take the consequences of my actions.
But it is still early in the spring, & if the men can be quietly & quickly
returned to their homes there is time to plant crops & begin to repair the
ravages of the war. That is what l must now try to bring about. l expect to
meet Gen. Grant at ten this morning in rear of the army & to surrender
this army to him."
“But," he said, with a faint sort of smile, and with sympathy in his look &
tone, for when he had said surrender the tears would swell in my eyes in
spite of all I could do, “I can tell you for your comfort that Gen. Grant will
not demand unconditional surrender. He will give us as honorable terms as
we have right to ask or expect. The men can go to their homes & will only
be bound not to fight again until exchanged.”
Then l thought I had never half known before what a big heart & brain
our general had. l was so ashamed of having proposed to him such a foolish
and wild cat scheme as my suggestion had been that l felt like begging him
to forget that he had ever heard it. And not only did my own little plan, of
running away if ever I saw a white flag, vanish into thin air, but nothing
could now have induced me to miss the opportunity of contributing by
presence, example, &L every means in my power to carrying out the gen-
eral's wishes in every respect. It seemed now an inestimable privilege to
serve under him to the very last moment, & that no scene in the whole life of
the Army of Northern Virginia would be more honorable than the one
which was now to close its record.