I'm having some serious FPS issues....
Ive tried several fixes for this and trial error tweaks but its not improving.
it seemed ok in the beginning but now when battles of 100+ it just becomes unplayable. Mostly during sieges.
*my task manager states memory for M&B process is maxed out at 780mb if thats any significance/indication of a prob?
I have read the game mem usage should be up to 2gb? hmm maybe this is my issue? :/
read you can change the pagefile to boost that but also read its useless so i didnt want to risk it yet.
Anyone have any ideas for this in relation to AMD integrated graphics?
i have heard this game just wont run on some modern machines no matter what you try. Hell i have a friend who actually bought an old Dell (with vista i assume), off eBay, just to play this game... LOL!
On this note, i have tried 'overriding' the games settings with the radeon settings panel and i think it worked for a while, but cant be certain. Am still testing this actually. Still laggy.. on and off.
Tried both D7 and D9, force single threading and reducing all settings to lowest... seems to work most of the time...but to be honest, i shouldnt have to play the game like this, ie.looking crap when i have a supposedly capable machine, right?? ...sigh
Shame, as although this game has a bit of a learning curve, its become one of my all time favourites, alongside AOE!
cheers in advance
Lenovo laptop, 310abr.
WIN 10 Home. x64.
AMD A12-9700P R7, 10 compute cores, 4C+6G, 2500mhz (2.5ghz), 4 cores, 4 logical processors.
12gb RAM, 500mb VRAM (ddr4).
(page file space 1.75gb)
BIOS version date 17.04.2017 ...(just adding the date for now).
DxDiag deets:
------------------
System Information
------------------
Time of this report: 4/10/2020, 21:06:05
Operating System: Windows 10 Home 64-bit (10.0, Build 18363) (18362.19h1_release.190318-1202)
Language: English (Regional Setting: English)
System Manufacturer: LENOVO
System Model: 80ST
BIOS: 1LCN50WW (type: UEFI)
Processor: AMD A12-9700P RADEON R7, 10 COMPUTE CORES 4C+6G (4 CPUs), ~2.5GHz
Memory: 12288MB RAM
Available OS Memory: 11664MB RAM
Page File: 4607MB used, 8848MB available
Windows Dir: C:\WINDOWS
DirectX Version: DirectX 12
DX Setup Parameters: Not found
User DPI Setting: 96 DPI (100 percent)
System DPI Setting: 96 DPI (100 percent)
DWM DPI Scaling: Disabled
Miracast: Available, with HDCP
Microsoft Graphics Hybrid: Not Supported
DirectX Database Version: Unknown
DxDiag Version: 10.00.18362.0387 64bit Unicode
------------
DxDiag Notes
------------
Display Tab 1: No problems found.
Sound Tab 1: No problems found.
Input Tab: No problems found.
--------------------
DirectX Debug Levels
--------------------
Direct3D: 0/4 (retail)
DirectDraw: 0/4 (retail)
DirectInput: 0/5 (retail)
DirectMusic: 0/5 (retail)
DirectPlay: 0/9 (retail)
DirectSound: 0/5 (retail)
DirectShow: 0/6 (retail)
---------------
Display Devices
---------------
Card name: AMD Radeon R7 Graphics
Manufacturer: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Chip type: AMD Radeon Graphics Processor (0x9874)
DAC type: Internal DAC(400MHz)
Device Type: Full Device (POST)
Device Key: Enum\PCI\VEN_1002&DEV_9874&SUBSYS_380917AA&REV_C9
Device Status: 0180200A [DN_DRIVER_LOADED|DN_STARTED|DN_DISABLEABLE|DN_NT_ENUMERATOR|DN_NT_DRIVER]
Device Problem Code: No Problem
Driver Problem Code: Unknown
Display Memory: 6328 MB
Dedicated Memory: 496 MB
Shared Memory: 5831 MB
Current Mode: 1280 x 720 (32 bit) (60Hz)
HDR Support: Not Supported
Display Topology: Internal
Display Color Space: DXGI_COLOR_SPACE_RGB_FULL_G22_NONE_P709
Color Primaries: Red(0.591797,0.346680), Green(0.328125,0.570313), Blue(0.150391,0.11425, White Point(0.312500,0.328125)
Display Luminance: Min Luminance = 0.500000, Max Luminance = 270.000000, MaxFullFrameLuminance = 270.000000
Monitor Name: Generic PnP Monitor
Monitor Model: unknown
Monitor Id: BOE0686
Native Mode: 1920 x 1080(p) (60.012Hz)
Output Type: Internal
Monitor Capabilities: HDR Not Supported
Display Pixel Format: DISPLAYCONFIG_PIXELFORMAT_32BPP
Advanced Color: Not Supported
Driver Name: C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\c0312694.inf_amd64_9da804b05ab53fd2\aticfx64.dll,C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\c0312694.inf_amd64_9da804b05ab53fd2\aticfx64.dll,C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\c0312694.inf_amd64_9da804b05ab53fd2\aticfx64.dll,C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\c0312694.inf_amd64_9da804b05ab53fd2\amdxc64.dll
Driver File Version: 21.19.0512.0000 (English)
Driver Version: 21.19.512.0
DDI Version: 12
Feature Levels: 12_0,11_1,11_0,10_1,10_0,9_3,9_2,9_1
Driver Model: WDDM 2.1
Graphics Preemption: DMA
Compute Preemption: DMA
Miracast: Not Supported by Graphics driver
Detachable GPU: No
Hybrid Graphics GPU: Not Supported
Power P-states: Not Supported
Virtualization: Not Supported
Block List: No Blocks
Catalog Attributes: N/A
Driver Attributes: Final Retail
Driver Date/Size: 21/03/2017 01:00:00, 1591408 bytes
WHQL Logo'd: Yes
WHQL Date Stamp: Unknown
Device Identifier: {D7B71EE2-DB34-11CF-1A74-091A75C2D835}
Vendor ID: 0x1002
Device ID: 0x9874
SubSys ID: 0x380917AA
Revision ID: 0x00C9
Driver Strong Name: oem27.inf:cb0ae41455da69ce:ati2mtag_CarrizoDS:21.19.512.0:pci\ven_1002&dev_9874&subsys_380917aa&rev_c9
Rank Of Driver: 00D10000
Video Accel: ModeMPEG2_A ModeMPEG2_C
DXVA2 Modes: DXVA2_ModeMPEG2_VLD DXVA2_ModeMPEG2_IDCT DXVA2_ModeH264_VLD_NoFGT DXVA2_ModeHEVC_VLD_Main DXVA2_ModeH264_VLD_Stereo_Progressive_NoFGT DXVA2_ModeH264_VLD_Stereo_NoFGT DXVA2_ModeVC1_VLD DXVA2_ModeMPEG4pt2_VLD_AdvSimple_NoGMC
Deinterlace Caps: {6E8329FF-B642-418B-BCF0-BCB6591E255F}: Format(In/Out)=(YUY2,YUY2) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,1) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_PixelAdaptive
{335AA36E-7884-43A4-9C91-7F87FAF3E37E}: Format(In/Out)=(YUY2,YUY2) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_BOBVerticalStretch
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(YUY2,YUY2) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY
{6E8329FF-B642-418B-BCF0-BCB6591E255F}: Format(In/Out)=(UYVY,UYVY) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,1) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_PixelAdaptive
{335AA36E-7884-43A4-9C91-7F87FAF3E37E}: Format(In/Out)=(UYVY,UYVY) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_BOBVerticalStretch
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(UYVY,UYVY) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(YV12,0x32315659) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
{552C0DAD-CCBC-420B-83C8-74943CF9F1A6}: Format(In/Out)=(NV12,0x3231564e) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,2) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_PixelAdaptive
{6E8329FF-B642-418B-BCF0-BCB6591E255F}: Format(In/Out)=(NV12,0x3231564e) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,1) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_PixelAdaptive
{335AA36E-7884-43A4-9C91-7F87FAF3E37E}: Format(In/Out)=(NV12,0x3231564e) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_BOBVerticalStretch
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(NV12,0x3231564e) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(IMC1,UNKNOWN) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(IMC2,UNKNOWN) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(IMC3,UNKNOWN) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(IMC4,UNKNOWN) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(S340,UNKNOWN) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(S342,UNKNOWN) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
D3D9 Overlay: Not Supported
DXVA-HD: Not Supported
DDraw Status: Enabled
D3D Status: Enabled
AGP Status: Enabled
MPO MaxPlanes: 2
MPO Caps: VERTICAL_FLIP,HORIZONTAL_FLIP,STEREO,RGB,YUV,BILINEAR,HIGH_FILTER,STRETCH_YUV,STRETCH_RGB,ROTATION_WITHOUT_INDEPENDENT_FLIP
MPO Stretch: 16.000X - 0.500X
MPO Media Hints: rotation, resizing, colorspace Conversion
MPO Formats: NV12,420_OPAQUE,YUY2
PanelFitter Caps: VERTICAL_FLIP,HORIZONTAL_FLIP,STEREO,RGB,YUV,BILINEAR,HIGH_FILTER,STRETCH_YUV,STRETCH_RGB,ROTATION_WITHOUT_INDEPENDENT_FLIP
PanelFitter Stretch: 16.000X - 0.500X
Ive tried several fixes for this and trial error tweaks but its not improving.
it seemed ok in the beginning but now when battles of 100+ it just becomes unplayable. Mostly during sieges.
*my task manager states memory for M&B process is maxed out at 780mb if thats any significance/indication of a prob?
I have read the game mem usage should be up to 2gb? hmm maybe this is my issue? :/
read you can change the pagefile to boost that but also read its useless so i didnt want to risk it yet.
Anyone have any ideas for this in relation to AMD integrated graphics?
i have heard this game just wont run on some modern machines no matter what you try. Hell i have a friend who actually bought an old Dell (with vista i assume), off eBay, just to play this game... LOL!
On this note, i have tried 'overriding' the games settings with the radeon settings panel and i think it worked for a while, but cant be certain. Am still testing this actually. Still laggy.. on and off.
Tried both D7 and D9, force single threading and reducing all settings to lowest... seems to work most of the time...but to be honest, i shouldnt have to play the game like this, ie.looking crap when i have a supposedly capable machine, right?? ...sigh
Shame, as although this game has a bit of a learning curve, its become one of my all time favourites, alongside AOE!
cheers in advance
Lenovo laptop, 310abr.
WIN 10 Home. x64.
AMD A12-9700P R7, 10 compute cores, 4C+6G, 2500mhz (2.5ghz), 4 cores, 4 logical processors.
12gb RAM, 500mb VRAM (ddr4).
(page file space 1.75gb)
BIOS version date 17.04.2017 ...(just adding the date for now).
DxDiag deets:
------------------
System Information
------------------
Time of this report: 4/10/2020, 21:06:05
Operating System: Windows 10 Home 64-bit (10.0, Build 18363) (18362.19h1_release.190318-1202)
Language: English (Regional Setting: English)
System Manufacturer: LENOVO
System Model: 80ST
BIOS: 1LCN50WW (type: UEFI)
Processor: AMD A12-9700P RADEON R7, 10 COMPUTE CORES 4C+6G (4 CPUs), ~2.5GHz
Memory: 12288MB RAM
Available OS Memory: 11664MB RAM
Page File: 4607MB used, 8848MB available
Windows Dir: C:\WINDOWS
DirectX Version: DirectX 12
DX Setup Parameters: Not found
User DPI Setting: 96 DPI (100 percent)
System DPI Setting: 96 DPI (100 percent)
DWM DPI Scaling: Disabled
Miracast: Available, with HDCP
Microsoft Graphics Hybrid: Not Supported
DirectX Database Version: Unknown
DxDiag Version: 10.00.18362.0387 64bit Unicode
------------
DxDiag Notes
------------
Display Tab 1: No problems found.
Sound Tab 1: No problems found.
Input Tab: No problems found.
--------------------
DirectX Debug Levels
--------------------
Direct3D: 0/4 (retail)
DirectDraw: 0/4 (retail)
DirectInput: 0/5 (retail)
DirectMusic: 0/5 (retail)
DirectPlay: 0/9 (retail)
DirectSound: 0/5 (retail)
DirectShow: 0/6 (retail)
---------------
Display Devices
---------------
Card name: AMD Radeon R7 Graphics
Manufacturer: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Chip type: AMD Radeon Graphics Processor (0x9874)
DAC type: Internal DAC(400MHz)
Device Type: Full Device (POST)
Device Key: Enum\PCI\VEN_1002&DEV_9874&SUBSYS_380917AA&REV_C9
Device Status: 0180200A [DN_DRIVER_LOADED|DN_STARTED|DN_DISABLEABLE|DN_NT_ENUMERATOR|DN_NT_DRIVER]
Device Problem Code: No Problem
Driver Problem Code: Unknown
Display Memory: 6328 MB
Dedicated Memory: 496 MB
Shared Memory: 5831 MB
Current Mode: 1280 x 720 (32 bit) (60Hz)
HDR Support: Not Supported
Display Topology: Internal
Display Color Space: DXGI_COLOR_SPACE_RGB_FULL_G22_NONE_P709
Color Primaries: Red(0.591797,0.346680), Green(0.328125,0.570313), Blue(0.150391,0.11425
, White Point(0.312500,0.328125)Display Luminance: Min Luminance = 0.500000, Max Luminance = 270.000000, MaxFullFrameLuminance = 270.000000
Monitor Name: Generic PnP Monitor
Monitor Model: unknown
Monitor Id: BOE0686
Native Mode: 1920 x 1080(p) (60.012Hz)
Output Type: Internal
Monitor Capabilities: HDR Not Supported
Display Pixel Format: DISPLAYCONFIG_PIXELFORMAT_32BPP
Advanced Color: Not Supported
Driver Name: C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\c0312694.inf_amd64_9da804b05ab53fd2\aticfx64.dll,C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\c0312694.inf_amd64_9da804b05ab53fd2\aticfx64.dll,C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\c0312694.inf_amd64_9da804b05ab53fd2\aticfx64.dll,C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\c0312694.inf_amd64_9da804b05ab53fd2\amdxc64.dll
Driver File Version: 21.19.0512.0000 (English)
Driver Version: 21.19.512.0
DDI Version: 12
Feature Levels: 12_0,11_1,11_0,10_1,10_0,9_3,9_2,9_1
Driver Model: WDDM 2.1
Graphics Preemption: DMA
Compute Preemption: DMA
Miracast: Not Supported by Graphics driver
Detachable GPU: No
Hybrid Graphics GPU: Not Supported
Power P-states: Not Supported
Virtualization: Not Supported
Block List: No Blocks
Catalog Attributes: N/A
Driver Attributes: Final Retail
Driver Date/Size: 21/03/2017 01:00:00, 1591408 bytes
WHQL Logo'd: Yes
WHQL Date Stamp: Unknown
Device Identifier: {D7B71EE2-DB34-11CF-1A74-091A75C2D835}
Vendor ID: 0x1002
Device ID: 0x9874
SubSys ID: 0x380917AA
Revision ID: 0x00C9
Driver Strong Name: oem27.inf:cb0ae41455da69ce:ati2mtag_CarrizoDS:21.19.512.0:pci\ven_1002&dev_9874&subsys_380917aa&rev_c9
Rank Of Driver: 00D10000
Video Accel: ModeMPEG2_A ModeMPEG2_C
DXVA2 Modes: DXVA2_ModeMPEG2_VLD DXVA2_ModeMPEG2_IDCT DXVA2_ModeH264_VLD_NoFGT DXVA2_ModeHEVC_VLD_Main DXVA2_ModeH264_VLD_Stereo_Progressive_NoFGT DXVA2_ModeH264_VLD_Stereo_NoFGT DXVA2_ModeVC1_VLD DXVA2_ModeMPEG4pt2_VLD_AdvSimple_NoGMC
Deinterlace Caps: {6E8329FF-B642-418B-BCF0-BCB6591E255F}: Format(In/Out)=(YUY2,YUY2) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,1) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_PixelAdaptive
{335AA36E-7884-43A4-9C91-7F87FAF3E37E}: Format(In/Out)=(YUY2,YUY2) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_BOBVerticalStretch
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(YUY2,YUY2) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY
{6E8329FF-B642-418B-BCF0-BCB6591E255F}: Format(In/Out)=(UYVY,UYVY) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,1) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_PixelAdaptive
{335AA36E-7884-43A4-9C91-7F87FAF3E37E}: Format(In/Out)=(UYVY,UYVY) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_BOBVerticalStretch
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(UYVY,UYVY) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(YV12,0x32315659) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
{552C0DAD-CCBC-420B-83C8-74943CF9F1A6}: Format(In/Out)=(NV12,0x3231564e) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,2) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_PixelAdaptive
{6E8329FF-B642-418B-BCF0-BCB6591E255F}: Format(In/Out)=(NV12,0x3231564e) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,1) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_PixelAdaptive
{335AA36E-7884-43A4-9C91-7F87FAF3E37E}: Format(In/Out)=(NV12,0x3231564e) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY DeinterlaceTech_BOBVerticalStretch
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(NV12,0x3231564e) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=VideoProcess_YUV2RGB VideoProcess_StretchX VideoProcess_StretchY
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(IMC1,UNKNOWN) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(IMC2,UNKNOWN) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(IMC3,UNKNOWN) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(IMC4,UNKNOWN) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(S340,UNKNOWN) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
{5A54A0C9-C7EC-4BD9-8EDE-F3C75DC4393B}: Format(In/Out)=(S342,UNKNOWN) Frames(Prev/Fwd/Back)=(0,0,0) Caps=
D3D9 Overlay: Not Supported
DXVA-HD: Not Supported
DDraw Status: Enabled
D3D Status: Enabled
AGP Status: Enabled
MPO MaxPlanes: 2
MPO Caps: VERTICAL_FLIP,HORIZONTAL_FLIP,STEREO,RGB,YUV,BILINEAR,HIGH_FILTER,STRETCH_YUV,STRETCH_RGB,ROTATION_WITHOUT_INDEPENDENT_FLIP
MPO Stretch: 16.000X - 0.500X
MPO Media Hints: rotation, resizing, colorspace Conversion
MPO Formats: NV12,420_OPAQUE,YUY2
PanelFitter Caps: VERTICAL_FLIP,HORIZONTAL_FLIP,STEREO,RGB,YUV,BILINEAR,HIGH_FILTER,STRETCH_YUV,STRETCH_RGB,ROTATION_WITHOUT_INDEPENDENT_FLIP
PanelFitter Stretch: 16.000X - 0.500X
