I also have some problems with the achievements.
I obtained M&B:W from Steam, and have the lastest Steam update.
I started a new game with the Diplomacy mod to obtain the achievements related to a new game (Get Up Stand Up: cleanse the town of bandits from the starting mission). I did eliminate the bandits but did not obtain the achievement.
I did obtain some achievements though:
Community Service (have the Diplomacy mod)
Old School Sniper
Morale Leader
Trick Shot (I did it with a Xbow, but the description says Bow and Arrow)
The ones that are not yet registering are:
Sarradinian Nights (I camped one full day and a half near Duruqba)
Migrating Coconuts: 0/22 (visited several major cities but no progress)
Mountain Blade: 0/10 (defeated at least 3 mountain bandit parties)
Romantic Warrior: 0/3 (already learned 1 poem)
Knight of the Round: 0/6 (already have 4 heroes in party)
Talking Helps (I've talked to everyone of them via party screen, even had the triggered dialogues on the map)
Edit: Started a new game in Native and got the "Get Up Stand Up" achievement. Seems that only in Native are the achievements awarded.