Grimes 说:
You can order them to stand closer. I just wish we could get them to be a -real- shield wall, with the back lines pointing their shields upwards to defend from arrows and maybe even the 2nd line attacking with spears through the gaps. But that might be beyond the capability of the engine
I’m afraid so.
It’s supposed the shieldwall was a formation with the shields overlapped, but actually its “density” has been discussed. Some historians like I.P. Stephenson think that it was more expanded formation than the common belief, because each warrior needs space to use his weapons. As Stephen Pollington wrote in ‘The English Warrior’:
“The precise form of the wall is disputed: some argue for a close-knit formation with touching or overlapping shields from between which protrudes a thicket of spearshafts; other suggest that looser, more flexible array would be more in keeping with the nature of Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian warfare traditions. Unfortunately there is no precise and unambiguous description of a shieldwall from which to judge”.
We know the space among the soldiers was very important in the Roman way of war. In his military treatise, Vegetius wrote each legionary should occupy a front of three feet. At Cannae, Hannibal created an encirclement in one of the earliest known examples of a pincer movement. The Roman soldiers began crowding themselves and soon they were compacted together so closely that they had little space to wield their weapons. For this reason, they were slaughtered. Something similar happened when the Goths attacked the right flank of the Roman army in Adrianople (378 AD).
Probably, in the 9th century existed the same problem: some space would be needed between the warrior’s shoulders in order to allow them to wield their swords or axes. The shieldwall could be like a phalanx of spearmen, and so the warriors wouldn’t need so many lateral space. But we know the Greek phalanx could have three densities, as it’s cited in the Onassander’s treatise.
Probably, the shieldwall could be more or less dense, according of the terrain and the military context. But, as the matter of fact, there is not an academic accord about the precise form of the shieldwall.