That's the ugliest smiley I've seen in years, and that's saying something. Please cease and desist the use of that travesty. No, not the red one - the one Rejenorst posted.
Taliban is the Islamic fundamentalist group that took over power in A-stan when the Russians left. Some of them are ex-mujahediin(or however it's spelled), some are younger or a third party altogether. The reason NATO invaded Afghanistan was that the Taliban refused to deliver any and all Al-Qaeda members they were harboring. At this point, NATO is fighting a mix of gangs, warlords, and a few Taliban infiltrators. Taliban take responsibility for all of it, but the lack of coordinated attacks in years shows clearly that they're not in charge of much of anything, at least not directly. This means that they can sit at this negotiation and sincerely intend to uphold a truce, but all the independent and unaffiliated insurgent pockets will keep fighting if they so desire - if the message even reaches them.