DYSTOPIAN 说:
*semantics*
If we can't argue pointlessly over semantics, why was the Internet invented in the first place?
Few facts for those who are too lazy to even check Wikipedia:
Active personnel 247,150 personnel (2015)
Percent of GDP 1% (contrast to 3.3% for USA, 5.4% for Russia and 1.9% for PLA though most analysts say that the real percentage is much higher for PLA as it owns many industries and consumption/investment in them is not part of the defence budget)
The two big changes that JSDF is going through are the 2015 Japanese military legislation, that allows Japan to participate in the defence of its allies, and the upcoming 2020 revision of the Constitution. The Japanese Constitution outlaws war as a means to settle international disputes, obviously making any use of JSDF in a conflict that isn't pure self-defence illegal.
Japan still has a pretty good domestic military industry and many of its equipment is wholly or partially manufactured in Japan, like the Howa Type 89 and Type 64 rifles and the Sumitomo Type 74 machine gun. Their special forces use common SF kit, like H&K G417 and FN SCAR. They have a good inventory of surface-to-ship and surface-to-air missiles of both good and excellent quality. The Type 10 and Type 90 MBTs are roughly equivalent to Abrams, Leopard 2 and Challenger 2 tanks. JSDF also operates AH-64 Apache attack helicopters, being one of the few countries outside of USA to do so.
Most importantly, in view that any future large scale conflict will most likely involve China, the JSDF has ordered 42 F-35's. Currently they operate a mix of F-15J Eagles, EF-4EJ Phantoms and Mitsubishi F-2s (Japanese version of the F-16), in total a 288 fighter planes. The F-35s will replace the old Phantoms. They also have a number of AWACS and EW platforms and their air defence network includes Patriots and Vulcans, plus domestic missiles. A stealth fighter, codenamed X-2, is under development.
On the naval side, they have a whole bunch of P-3 Orions to hunt for Chinese and North-Korean submarines, plus a very respectable naval force of 19 submarines, 30 destroyers, 10 frigates and 45 support ships, not counting auxiliries. Thanks to Japanese-American cooperation, many of their destroyers are AEGIS equipped.
So no,
the JSDF is not a "toothless tiger" despite what this BBC article claims. To be fair, it's pure click-bait headlining, the actual article is pretty well written and nuanced.