Reformed Christians?

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How does having access to knowledge of good and evil limit free will? I don't think your free will argument even applies to the conversation.



I'll advise you again, defending the morality of the OT god is a poor choice. Continue at your peril. And the peril of your faith. :razz:
 
Harmi 说:
Kissaki 说:
An omnipotent being would be able to instill that knowledge in us without the need for testing.

Of course, but then he would've done it against the will of the target.
I really don't see the problem with that. Not when we have already a) been created against our wills, and b) given a certain nature against our wills. Did you ask for testosterone?


If you're an engineer, you can't say that your machine is having a free will if you programmed it to do some specific tasks.
Well, we don't have free will, either. We have the freedom of choice, sure, but we invariably choose our actions based on our personality. And we do not choose our personality. Our personalities are formed by outside influences.


Let's say, bottle milk. It would be forever bottling milk and nothing else because it only has the power to do the programmed tasks. But you have the power to bottle milk or do something else.
Yes, within our programming. I have the option to go and rape a porcupine, but I'm not gonna. I am going to do what I want to do instead. But I never chose what to want. Think about it, if people could choose what to want, there'd be virtually no infidelity. Because I dare say that most, if not all of those who are unfaithful would rather be without the desire to stray. I haven't cheated myself, but I'd be lying if I tried to claim that my girlfriend is the sole focus of my fantasies. If I could choose, I'd choose to want only her, and I'd choose to want her as badly as in the beginning of our relationship. But choosing desires is impossible. I am free to act on my personality - or my programming, if you will - just like any computer. Just like a computer is programmed to react certain ways to certain inputs, so are we conditioned to react certain ways to certain inputs. After all, what is upbringing, if not programming?


Because we can follow him or not follow him. That's the idea of this whole concept.
Yes, and we would all have that choice if we were all like Enok. More knowledge doesn't deprive us of choice, it makes our choices more informed.


However, free will is a very complex thing and there are multiple ways to talk about it. I am not sure if I have enough knowledge to start talking about this, especially not in English which is not my main.
You're doing fine. Better, in fact, than many native Enlish speakers I have come across.


I don't agree with this theory. The tree was everything they knew about good and evil. They knew that God said them to not eat from it because if they do, they would die.
They did not know what death was at the time. This is a minor flaw in the story, but a significant one if you take it at face value.

Also, even if they did know what death was, they still would have no concept of "wrong". So they could not possibly know it was wrong to disobey. And if we would apply this to a real life scenario:

Let's say you have a young son, a 3-year old. You're doing some gardening, and you have a bottle of weed killer with you. Your 3-year old looks on. Then you get up to fetch something, leaving the opened bottle of weed killer behind. You tell your 3-year old, "don't drink that, it's bad for you." Now, who would be to blame if your 3-year old took a sip? Adam and Eve may have been created with fully grown bodies, but they were blank templates. They had no experiences, no knowledge - only their innate human curiosity. They would have been like children, wanting to find out things for themselves.


Now that metaphor is not from Bible. It's literally the first time I see it and definitely never seen it in Bible itself. Of course, we can make thousands of alternative ways to decode every single sentence in the Bible, but it does not mean that any those are the way the author wanted them to be read.
Metaphors are not usually explained. Just like jokes are not usually explained: the explanation kind of kills it.


They also had knowledge of good and evil, just like everyone else.
No, not just like everyone else. Each culture defines good and evil its own way.


We have the conscience that is written to us by God. It will provide us the needed info so that we know if we are doing good or bad things.
People will always find ways to justify their actions. A thief may justify his crimes by thinking, "I have so little, and they have so much. And yet they don't even share with people around them. This little act of pilfering is nothing more than an inconvenience to them, and it's an inconvenience they bloody well deserve, the rich bastards." Or even with really big things, like genocide: "They are scum, they will destroy our society given half the chance. They are evil, they're not like normal people. And it's either them or us." This God-written conscience did not stop the conquistadores, it did not prevent the 30 Years War, it did not prevent the Holocaust. This is because we are very good at dehumanising "them". "They" are not like "us", and so we have a right. If "they" oppose "us", then "they" are in the wrong - by default. And anything "we" do to "them", they brought on themselves. Even those who aren't particularly athletic are capable of some fantastic mental gymnastics.


In middle age when so-called Christians were burning people, their motives were not based on true knowledge of Bible or the lessons Jesus taught. During that time only rare people used to have the ability to read the text. But just like we people do, we can find a way to use the tools available to benefit us. Let's say that you want something that someone else has. His farm for example. If you know that the time is sensitive for some reason for some things, you can blame your neighbor with those sensitive things and made him to be punished. By that way, you can also take his farm. You can read from the Bible when Paul meets a man in Acts 19:19 and didn't kill him even when it was a known thing that the man was a witch. Also on 8:9 Peter didn't kill the sorcerer.
But if Peter did kill him, you wouldn't have a problem with that - because it'd be in the Bible. If you object to my assertion here, I must ask if you have a problem with Moses's judgement of the man who was gathering firewood on the sabbath.

You underestimate the people of that time very much. They had their own "twitters" from which they heard things. Those people knew very well who Israelites are and who is God and what Israelites are after.
They had a very different idea of who God was. If they thought the Israelites were the one true God's own chosen people, there is no way they would want to oppose them.


But those people were not interested in following God, instead, they were looking for opportunities to teach Israelites to follow their gods and do their acts.
How can you say such a thing? They were just as religious as the Israelites, they just believed in different gods. Sure, they wanted to teach the Israelites their ways - but how is that different from the Israelites wanting to teach other tribes their ways? Or the Christians wanting to convert non-Christians? Here's the thing: everyone believes themselves to be right.


Also, Israel never was a closed nation. Anyone could come to them and live in peace with them. "You shall not wrong an alien, neither shall you oppress him, for you were aliens in the land of Egypt."
And the Israelites were just as free to live in peace with the others. But they insisted that their way of doing things was so superior to everyone else's, that they had the right to murder for it.
 
Magorian Aximand 说:
How does having access to knowledge of good and evil limit free will? I don't think your free will argument even applies to the conversation.



I'll advise you again, defending the morality of the OT god is a poor choice. Continue at your peril. And the peril of your faith. :razz:

I kinda prefer old T God.

Jesus unambiguously burns people for ever.

Old T God might burn you forever, its kinda ambiguous
 
Magorian Aximand 说:
How does having access to knowledge of good and evil limit free will? I don't think your free will argument even applies to the conversation.



I'll advise you again, defending the morality of the OT god is a poor choice. Continue at your peril. And the peril of your faith. :razz:

I think you didn't understand the purpose of something I said. I don't think knowledge is limiting free will by any means. Also, these one-liners "this and this is a bad choice" don't help at all. If you wanna give an opinion, please provide also your evidence. I would like to ignore that kind of comments completely, but this got some attention from someone else, so I answered.
 
Well, we don't have free will, either. We have the freedom of choice, sure, but we invariably choose our actions based on our personality. And we do not choose our personality. Our personalities are formed by outside influences.

If you really think that's the case, then you waste your time here, because you believe that the whole conversation is hard-coded into us and nothing is going to change. Btw. I don't think personality either is hard coded. We seem to be one kind of personalities, but it can also change. There are examples where shy and introvert people can transform to be leaders etc. But I think people use the idea of "everything I do is just what DNA tells me to do" thing is just a way to try to hide the conscience that tells them that they are in fact doing things that they know are wrong.

Yes, within our programming. I have the option to go and rape a porcupine, but I'm not gonna. I am going to do what I want to do instead. But I never chose what to want. Think about it, if people could choose what to want, there'd be virtually no infidelity. Because I dare say that most, if not all of those who are unfaithful would rather be without the desire to stray. I haven't cheated myself, but I'd be lying if I tried to claim that my girlfriend is the sole focus of my fantasies. If I could choose, I'd choose to want only her, and I'd choose to want her as badly as in the beginning of our relationship. But choosing desires is impossible. I am free to act on my personality - or my programming, if you will - just like any computer. Just like a computer is programmed to react certain ways to certain inputs, so are we conditioned to react certain ways to certain inputs. After all, what is upbringing, if not programming?

Yes, and we would all have that choice if we were all like Enok. More knowledge doesn't deprive us of choice, it makes our choices more informed.


Now, this is important. Love is not desiring. Instead, Love is a decision. We all have our limitations and our lust, we, in fact, have huge limitations. It's a huge part of human nature, but you can decide to stay with your gf and go against things you know as wrong, even when those things seem to be very attractive.

Book of Enok is not part of the Bible. There in those books is much something that is an only human tradition, even when the Bible is quoting a few sentences from it, it doesn't make the whole book to be a truth. You can read it, but it cannot be sacred in the same way as the Bible itself is. 

You're doing fine. Better, in fact, than many native Enlish speakers I have come across.

I just only know how to check my sentence structure and how to use free online tools.

They did not know what death was at the time. This is a minor flaw in the story, but a significant one if you take it at face value.

Also, even if they did know what death was, they still would have no concept of "wrong". So they could not possibly know it was wrong to disobey. And if we would apply this to a real life scenario:

Let's say you have a young son, a 3-year old. You're doing some gardening, and you have a bottle of weed killer with you. Your 3-year old looks on. Then you get up to fetch something, leaving the opened bottle of weed killer behind. You tell your 3-year old, "don't drink that, it's bad for you." Now, who would be to blame if your 3-year old took a sip? Adam and Eve may have been created with fully grown bodies, but they were blank templates. They had no experiences, no knowledge - only their innate human curiosity. They would have been like children, wanting to find out things for themselves.


How do you know what they knew? I believe they knew. They didn't know how to kill etc. They just had huge gaps in their knowledge of good and evil. They knew that God said them to not do something and it was all they understood about the issue. They knew it is wrong to do against God's will, so they were with their knowledge obviously very innocent and the whole cruelty of things and possibilities to harm everyone else was hit to their faces after that fruit.

The kid knows that it's bad for him to drink from the bottle. It's enough for someone at that age. We learn things by testing them or hearing someone who has tested or knows better. Let's say, you know that fire burns. You don't necessarily need to burn yourself to be able to know that. Most people who have had bad experiences with candles, but not everyone. Not everybody also needs to do "jump from a cliff" to see if it's a good or bad idea. Also, we have a very good warning system build in our bodies. You can just smell the toxic liquid and only from a few molecules, you know that it will not be going to be good for drinking.

Metaphors are not usually explained. Just like jokes are not usually explained: the explanation kind of kills it.
No, not just like everyone else. Each culture defines good and evil its own way.


I'm not going to argue about this, because we cannot for sure say if something is being a metaphor. I just cannot see the evidence that it has to be exactly this metaphor. You can lead from the story multiple different metaphors or you can take it historically, or anything. Literally, thousands of alternative meanings and the authors probably had in their mind none of those.

I think everyone has a basic knowledge of good and evil. It's a different thing what we teach than what we know. Some culture might teach that before you can call yourself an adult, you must kill someone. (a Spartan culture I believe had something like this) It doesn't mean that they don't know killing to be wrong. They just decided to teach against it and harden their consciences.

People will always find ways to justify their actions. A thief may justify his crimes by thinking, "I have so little, and they have so much. And yet they don't even share with people around them. This little act of pilfering is nothing more than an inconvenience to them, and it's an inconvenience they bloody well deserve, the rich bastards." Or even with really big things, like genocide: "They are scum, they will destroy our society given half the chance. They are evil, they're not like normal people. And it's either them or us." This God-written conscience did not stop the conquistadores, it did not prevent the 30 Years War, it did not prevent the Holocaust. This is because we are very good at dehumanising "them". "They" are not like "us", and so we have a right. If "they" oppose "us", then "they" are in the wrong - by default. And anything "we" do to "them", they brought on themselves. Even those who aren't particularly athletic are capable of some fantastic mental gymnastics.

These are good examples of how one might try to remove their conscience. The fact that we have to do some mental gymnastics before doing something bad is a strong evidence that we have a conscience and we are trying to play it out from the game.

But if Peter did kill him, you wouldn't have a problem with that - because it'd be in the Bible. If you object to my assertion here, I must ask if you have a problem with Moses's judgement of the man who was gathering firewood on the sabbath.

Old Testament has the law. Law doesn't include the concept of mercy. It only tells that if you do something wrong, then you will get your punishment. It's the same thing in modern days. If you do something that is against the law, you will be punished by the law. Now, the destiny of that man seems to be cruel, but they had a law that on Sabbath you must not do work, because it's a dedicated day for God. The man was challenging Gods authority by doing something he knew was against what God was said. Law is hard and cold. The idea of law is to show that there are 0 people on earth who has not broken it. We are all guilty, even the most hardcore orthodox Jews are guilty to something. And that's where Jesus is the only answer. That's why I am also a Christian.

They had a very different idea of who God was. If they thought the Israelites were the one true God's own chosen people, there is no way they would want to oppose them.

People used to go against God even in the Bible after the finest miracles made by God. We can clearly know what's right and still do against it because sins can sometimes look to be better from the point of view of man, than doing the right things. Let's say, for a greedy person, taking money from someone is better than giving it to someone who is in need.

How can you say such a thing? They were just as religious as the Israelites, they just believed in different gods. Sure, they wanted to teach the Israelites their ways - but how is that different from the Israelites wanting to teach other tribes their ways? Or the Christians wanting to convert non-Christians? Here's the thing: everyone believes themselves to be right.

Yes, everyone typically believes themselves to be right. You are quoting the Bible without knowing it. "Every way of a man is right in his own eyes, But Yahweh weighs the hearts." If you're joining an army that is going against a good and its leaders are judging wrong, then your heart also will be weighted as wrong. And all the time you can be saying that you are doing the right thing.

And the Israelites were just as free to live in peace with the others. But they insisted that their way of doing things was so superior to everyone else's, that they had the right to murder for it.

That is the historical fact. You need to have the ability to protect your nation, otherwise, you will be captured as slaves or removed completely by someone who has a better ability. You seem to think that Israel was the main problem because they survived and other nations disappeared. Actually, Israel was most of the time only a small quite insignificant thing in the field of big players such as Egypt and Hittites.

I hope you don't see me as "enemy" after this conversation. I don't see things like that. I think the meaning of life is love and to take care of other people and do as much good as possible.
 
Harmi 说:
If you really think that's the case, then you waste your time here, because you believe that the whole conversation is hard-coded into us and nothing is going to change.

I see you're new here. I can probably count the number of times someone has admitted they were wrong and openly changed their position on this forum on my hands in the past 10 years I've been here.  :lol:
 
Harmi 说:
Magorian Aximand 说:
How does having access to knowledge of good and evil limit free will? I don't think your free will argument even applies to the conversation.



I'll advise you again, defending the morality of the OT god is a poor choice. Continue at your peril. And the peril of your faith. :razz:

I think you didn't understand the purpose of something I said. I don't think knowledge is limiting free will by any means. Also, these one-liners "this and this is a bad choice" don't help at all. If you wanna give an opinion, please provide also your evidence. I would like to ignore that kind of comments completely, but this got some attention from someone else, so I answered.

If the discussion is about the "test" that is the tree of knowledge, and your response to Kissaki's assertion that God could instill the knowledge of the results without the theatrics has to do with free will, how am I supposed to understand you?

The other side of the post is a probing fashion of starting a new conversation. I don't want to inject myself into a large quote war. I want to dive into your ideas regarding morality, because you seem ready to defend the atrocities in the OT. The comment isn't meant to help. It's meant to make you take a position. :razz:
 
Magorian Aximand 说:
Harmi 说:
Magorian Aximand 说:
How does having access to knowledge of good and evil limit free will? I don't think your free will argument even applies to the conversation.



I'll advise you again, defending the morality of the OT god is a poor choice. Continue at your peril. And the peril of your faith. :razz:

I think you didn't understand the purpose of something I said. I don't think knowledge is limiting free will by any means. Also, these one-liners "this and this is a bad choice" don't help at all. If you wanna give an opinion, please provide also your evidence. I would like to ignore that kind of comments completely, but this got some attention from someone else, so I answered.

If the discussion is about the "test" that is the tree of knowledge, and your response to Kissaki's assertion that God could instill the knowledge of the results without the theatrics has to do with free will, how am I supposed to understand you?

The other side of the post is a probing fashion of starting a new conversation. I don't want to inject myself into a large quote war. I want to dive into your ideas regarding morality, because you seem ready to defend the atrocities in the OT. The comment isn't meant to help. It's meant to make you take a position. :razz:

So you just wanna put more work to me meanwhile you stay back without actually being part of the conversation. I am not going to answer your questions from that kind of positions.
 
I can't take a position on your beliefs until I know what they are. Again, I'm not injecting myself into a quote war. I'm starting a new discussion.
 
Magorian Aximand 说:
I can't take a position on your beliefs until I know what they are. Again, I'm not injecting myself into a quote war. I'm starting a new discussion.

You don't need to take a position on my beliefs, but if you really wanna do so, then you can read the bible. However, nobody is forcing us to start a debate. :smile:
 
I am! :razz:


Not everyone who believes in the truth claims of the bible believes the same thing about the contents of the bible, or believes the same things about morality. That's why I'm trying to find out what YOU think. You seem willing to defend atrocities in the old testament, which makes the discussion about morality interesting.

So I guess I'll ask directly: How do you define morality? How do you distinguish between what is a good action and what is an immoral one?

And further, how did I misunderstand your argument regarding free will in the context of God's omnipotence and the forbidden fruit discussion?
 
Magorian Aximand 说:
I am! :razz:


Not everyone who believes in the truth claims of the bible believes the same thing about the contents of the bible, or believes the same things about morality. That's why I'm trying to find out what YOU think. You seem willing to defend atrocities in the old testament, which makes the discussion about morality interesting.

So I guess I'll ask directly: How do you define morality? How do you distinguish between what is a good action and what is an immoral one?

And further, how did I misunderstand your argument regarding free will in the context of God's omnipotence and the forbidden fruit discussion?

Christianity falls like a card house if God seems to be evil in the old testament. It's important to see the reasons behind the actions also in the old testament, also the Bible is a collection of books that are written with different literature species. That is a huge part of all the misunderstandings of the Bible. For example, psalms are poems and I am not exactly sure if those are supposed to be taken as laws, even when there might be some parts that feel like laws if we take them out of context. Another problem we are facing is that we don't understand the situation the people were at the time they had law and when all the actions Bible is describing is happening. For example, if we take one part of the text that is written in Old Testament:

11 You shall not wear a mixed stuff, wool, and linen together.

This feels very arbitrary and random. Why should they not do so? But to understand this we have to first know that high priest was using that kind of clothes for his service. So it basically was his uniform. We cannot here at modern days dress up as police, because that would make a confusion. The thing behind those wool and linen clothes was quite much similar. 

For me, the good actions are based on what Jesus said:
37 Jesus said to him, "'You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind.'
38 This is the first and great commandment.
39 A second likewise is this, 'You shall love your neighbor as yourself.'
40 The whole law and the prophets depend on these two commandments."


Jesus is clearly letting us also to understand that law and prophets are depending on that. To Love.

Please, can you provide additional info about that dilemma with God's omnipotence and forbidden fruit? This might also be something with my limited English skills and I have so many things going on in my life atm that I can't anymore even remember very much.
 
I think it is important to mention a few historical facts:
First of all, Yahweh worshippers might have practiced child sacrifice just like the other Cana'anites of the time, as is suggested by the bible itself, until human sacrifice was banned by king Josiah of Judea. Child sacrifice was widespread all over the earth (Mayans, Aztecs, Canna'anites, early Greeks and Romans, Celts, Nords, and countless others) and also in the middle east among the semites.

There are evidence in the bible that human sacrifice to Yahweh was acceptable: a prime example is of course the praise given to Abraham for his willingness to kill Isaac. Jephthah, an Israelite judge vowed to sacrifice the first to greet him when he comes back from battle, in exchange for victory. The Israelites won and Jephthah made good and killed his daughter.
In the conquest narrative (which is most definitely false, according to archaeological evidence), Yahweh commands the Israelites to kill all inhabitants of conquered cities, including women, children, and cattle, perhaps as payment for Yahweh's aid.

Maybe one of the most damning evidence is Exodus 22:29-30:
You shall not delay to offer from the fullness of your harvest and from the outflow of your presses. The first-born of your sons you shall give to me. You shall do likewise with your oxen and with your sheep: seven days it shall be with its dam; on the eighth day you shall give it to me.
Sacrifice of the first born was documented amongst the Phoenicians and their offshoot, the Carthaginians, who were too speakers of Cana'anite languages (almost identical to Hebrew) and had a similar culture. The firstborn son was considered very important and privileged, so parents sacrificing him was considered very appeasing to the gods.
Yahweh later admits he did indeed command the Israelites to do so in Ezekiel 20:25-26, but as a ruse so they defile themselves:
I gave them other statutes that were not good and laws through which they could not live; I defiled them through their gifts—the sacrifice of every firstborn—that I might fill them with horror so they would know that I am the LORD.
Of course, this further suggests that Yahweh prettily made them do horrible things just to prove a point, another moral problem. The verse in Ezekiel, a later book, written after the abolition of Jewish child sacrifice, seemed to have been conjured up to provide an explanation for Yahweh's older command.

My point here is that Yahweh's followers weren't less violent and bloodthirsty than Ba'al worshippers.

As other said, defending OT morality, or even the NT morality, while still adopting modern morality is doomed to fail. OT morality is especially hard, since the books were written in different eras and by different authors, each one's understanding of morality is different than the other, yielding contradictions (e.g, god liking child sacrifice in the earlier parts but stops liking it after the babylonian exile). I think this just shows again that man made god in his image, not the other way around - first the Jews decided that child sacrifice is immoral, than God and his law were reimagined to fit this new idea.

I will digress and say that it was even showed in experiment. Participants were asked what they thing God believed in, which fitted their own beliefs (obviously), and get this - when the experimenters manipulated the participant beliefs, their estimation of God's belief was then usually changed to fit their own new beliefs.
God, in a way, is a projection used to re-enforce social and personal norms.
 
Χρήσιμος Ηλίθιος 说:
I think it is important to mention a few historical facts:
First of all, Yahweh worshippers might have practiced child sacrifice just like the other Cana'anites of the time, as is suggested by the bible itself, until human sacrifice was banned by king Josiah of Judea. Child sacrifice was widespread all over the earth (Mayans, Aztecs, Canna'anites, early Greeks and Romans, Celts, Nords, and countless others) and also in the middle east among the semites.

There are evidence in the bible that human sacrifice to Yahweh was acceptable: a prime example is of course the praise given to Abraham for his willingness to kill Isaac. Jephthah, an Israelite judge vowed to sacrifice the first to greet him when he comes back from battle, in exchange for victory. The Israelites won and Jephthah made good and killed his daughter.
In the conquest narrative (which is most definitely false, according to archaeological evidence), Yahweh commands the Israelites to kill all inhabitants of conquered cities, including women, children, and cattle, perhaps as payment for Yahweh's aid.

Maybe one of the most damning evidence is Exodus 22:29-30:
You shall not delay to offer from the fullness of your harvest and from the outflow of your presses. The first-born of your sons you shall give to me. You shall do likewise with your oxen and with your sheep: seven days it shall be with its dam; on the eighth day you shall give it to me.
Sacrifice of the first born was documented amongst the Phoenicians and their offshoot, the Carthaginians, who were too speakers of Cana'anite languages (almost identical to Hebrew) and had a similar culture. The firstborn son was considered very important and privileged, so parents sacrificing him was considered very appeasing to the gods.
Yahweh later admits he did indeed command the Israelites to do so in Ezekiel 20:25-26, but as a ruse so they defile themselves:
I gave them other statutes that were not good and laws through which they could not live; I defiled them through their gifts—the sacrifice of every firstborn—that I might fill them with horror so they would know that I am the LORD.
Of course, this further suggests that Yahweh prettily made them do horrible things just to prove a point, another moral problem. The verse in Ezekiel, a later book, written after the abolition of Jewish child sacrifice, seemed to have been conjured up to provide an explanation for Yahweh's older command.

My point here is that Yahweh's followers weren't less violent and bloodthirsty than Ba'al worshippers.

As other said, defending OT morality, or even the NT morality, while still adopting modern morality is doomed to fail. OT morality is especially hard, since the books were written in different eras and by different authors, each one's understanding of morality is different than the other, yielding contradictions (e.g, god liking child sacrifice in the earlier parts but stops liking it after the babylonian exile). I think this just shows again that man made god in his image, not the other way around - first the Jews decided that child sacrifice is immoral, than God and his law were reimagined to fit this new idea.

I will digress and say that it was even showed in experiment. Participants were asked what they thing God believed in, which fitted their own beliefs (obviously), and get this - when the experimenters manipulated the participant beliefs, their estimation of God's belief was then usually changed to fit their own new beliefs.
God, in a way, is a projection used to re-enforce social and personal norms.

The people did practice child sacrifice. Bible tells clearly that they had long periods of time when they were doing exactly that kind of things. Also, the bible is not trying to glorify their life or acts. Instead, it tells a brutal and violent story of people who did almost most of the time everything wrong. It's not a surprise when we find archeological evidence of that kind of stuff among other stuff that is being found. They got punishment from doing so, just like the other cultures also got when they were doing such practices. But they were not worshipping Yahweh when they were doing that kind of practices. Instead, they were worshipping other gods. So, the same people did many things. What you want to indicate is that the Bible is trying to hide some bad deeds of those people. That's not the case. Bible is really telling what they did without hiding their sins. (there is enough evidence of that to know that it definitely is not a "hero story". Those people sucked in many ways. However, giving a child to God was acceptable as a nasiri. Those are the people who were grown up by the priest and Samuel, who was a son of Hannah is a good example of that. You can read that from 1 Samuel.

Also, what that exodus part you quoted means:

Exodus 13:14–15:

“And it shall be when your son asks you in time to come, saying, ‘What is this?’ then you shall say to him, ‘With a powerful hand the Lord brought us out of Egypt, from the house of slavery. It came about, when Pharaoh was stubborn about letting us go, that the Lord killed every firstborn in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of man and the firstborn of beast. Therefore, I sacrifice to the Lord the males, the first offspring of every womb, but every firstborn of my sons I redeem.’”

So it's not about ordering them to kill their sons. It means that the firstborn son belongs to God. (alive).

 
Harmi 说:
Χρήσιμος Ηλίθιος 说:
I think it is important to mention a few historical facts:
First of all, Yahweh worshippers might have practiced child sacrifice just like the other Cana'anites of the time, as is suggested by the bible itself, until human sacrifice was banned by king Josiah of Judea. Child sacrifice was widespread all over the earth (Mayans, Aztecs, Canna'anites, early Greeks and Romans, Celts, Nords, and countless others) and also in the middle east among the semites.

There are evidence in the bible that human sacrifice to Yahweh was acceptable: a prime example is of course the praise given to Abraham for his willingness to kill Isaac. Jephthah, an Israelite judge vowed to sacrifice the first to greet him when he comes back from battle, in exchange for victory. The Israelites won and Jephthah made good and killed his daughter.
In the conquest narrative (which is most definitely false, according to archaeological evidence), Yahweh commands the Israelites to kill all inhabitants of conquered cities, including women, children, and cattle, perhaps as payment for Yahweh's aid.

Maybe one of the most damning evidence is Exodus 22:29-30:
You shall not delay to offer from the fullness of your harvest and from the outflow of your presses. The first-born of your sons you shall give to me. You shall do likewise with your oxen and with your sheep: seven days it shall be with its dam; on the eighth day you shall give it to me.
Sacrifice of the first born was documented amongst the Phoenicians and their offshoot, the Carthaginians, who were too speakers of Cana'anite languages (almost identical to Hebrew) and had a similar culture. The firstborn son was considered very important and privileged, so parents sacrificing him was considered very appeasing to the gods.
Yahweh later admits he did indeed command the Israelites to do so in Ezekiel 20:25-26, but as a ruse so they defile themselves:
I gave them other statutes that were not good and laws through which they could not live; I defiled them through their gifts—the sacrifice of every firstborn—that I might fill them with horror so they would know that I am the LORD.
Of course, this further suggests that Yahweh prettily made them do horrible things just to prove a point, another moral problem. The verse in Ezekiel, a later book, written after the abolition of Jewish child sacrifice, seemed to have been conjured up to provide an explanation for Yahweh's older command.

My point here is that Yahweh's followers weren't less violent and bloodthirsty than Ba'al worshippers.

As other said, defending OT morality, or even the NT morality, while still adopting modern morality is doomed to fail. OT morality is especially hard, since the books were written in different eras and by different authors, each one's understanding of morality is different than the other, yielding contradictions (e.g, god liking child sacrifice in the earlier parts but stops liking it after the babylonian exile). I think this just shows again that man made god in his image, not the other way around - first the Jews decided that child sacrifice is immoral, than God and his law were reimagined to fit this new idea.

I will digress and say that it was even showed in experiment. Participants were asked what they thing God believed in, which fitted their own beliefs (obviously), and get this - when the experimenters manipulated the participant beliefs, their estimation of God's belief was then usually changed to fit their own new beliefs.
God, in a way, is a projection used to re-enforce social and personal norms.

The people did practice child sacrifice. Bible tells clearly that they had long periods of time when they were doing exactly that kind of things. Also, the bible is not trying to glorify their life or acts. Instead, it tells a brutal and violent story of people who did almost most of the time everything wrong. It's not a surprise when we find archeological evidence of that kind of stuff among other stuff that is being found. They got punishment from doing so, just like the other cultures also got when they were doing such practices. But they were not worshipping Yahweh when they were doing that kind of practices. Instead, they were worshipping other gods. So, the same people did many things. What you want to indicate is that the Bible is trying to hide some bad deeds of those people. That's not the case. Bible is really telling what they did without hiding their sins. (there is enough evidence of that to know that it definitely is not a "hero story". Those people sucked in many ways. However, giving a child to God was acceptable as a nasiri. Those are the people who were grown up by the priest and Samuel, who was a son of Hannah is a good example of that. You can read that from 1 Samuel.

Also, what that exodus part you quoted means:

Exodus 13:14–15:

“And it shall be when your son asks you in time to come, saying, ‘What is this?’ then you shall say to him, ‘With a powerful hand the Lord brought us out of Egypt, from the house of slavery. It came about, when Pharaoh was stubborn about letting us go, that the Lord killed every firstborn in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of man and the firstborn of beast. Therefore, I sacrifice to the Lord the males, the first offspring of every womb, but every firstborn of my sons I redeem.’”

So it's not about ordering them to kill their sons. It means that the firstborn son belongs to God. (alive).

In Ezekiel, the bad law is reffered to by using the verb "עבר", to pass(in the form בהעביר):
...ואטמא אותכם במתנותכם בהעביר כל פטר רחם​
This is damning, since Ezekiel 20:31 condemns people who pass their sons through fire, clearly a reference to child sacrifice.
...ובשאת מתנותכם בהעביר בניכם באש
Moreover, this same verb is used in Leviticus 18:21 too, when talking about sacrifice to Moloch:
...ומזרעך לא תתן להעביר למולך​

Now, to tackle the Exodus verse, it clearly says to give your sons to god and do the same with the oxen and sheep. if it was referring to priesthood, then god is saying here to the Israelites to appoint Ox and Sheep priests, which is absurd. The other interpretation is a call for sacrificing the first male to pass through the womb, whether Ox or Human, on the eighth day.

The later priesthood solution was probably enacted to replace the actual sacrifice. Infact, in Numbers 8:13, the Levites are described as a תנופה, a wave offering:
והעמדת את הלויים לפני אהרון ולפני בניו והנפת אותם תנופה ליהוה.​
. This implies that the ancient Israelites seen the Levites as a substitute for an actual offering.
 
Χρήσιμος Ηλίθιος 说:
Harmi 说:
Χρήσιμος Ηλίθιος 说:
I think it is important to mention a few historical facts:
First of all, Yahweh worshippers might have practiced child sacrifice just like the other Cana'anites of the time, as is suggested by the bible itself, until human sacrifice was banned by king Josiah of Judea. Child sacrifice was widespread all over the earth (Mayans, Aztecs, Canna'anites, early Greeks and Romans, Celts, Nords, and countless others) and also in the middle east among the semites.

There are evidence in the bible that human sacrifice to Yahweh was acceptable: a prime example is of course the praise given to Abraham for his willingness to kill Isaac. Jephthah, an Israelite judge vowed to sacrifice the first to greet him when he comes back from battle, in exchange for victory. The Israelites won and Jephthah made good and killed his daughter.
In the conquest narrative (which is most definitely false, according to archaeological evidence), Yahweh commands the Israelites to kill all inhabitants of conquered cities, including women, children, and cattle, perhaps as payment for Yahweh's aid.

Maybe one of the most damning evidence is Exodus 22:29-30:
You shall not delay to offer from the fullness of your harvest and from the outflow of your presses. The first-born of your sons you shall give to me. You shall do likewise with your oxen and with your sheep: seven days it shall be with its dam; on the eighth day you shall give it to me.
Sacrifice of the first born was documented amongst the Phoenicians and their offshoot, the Carthaginians, who were too speakers of Cana'anite languages (almost identical to Hebrew) and had a similar culture. The firstborn son was considered very important and privileged, so parents sacrificing him was considered very appeasing to the gods.
Yahweh later admits he did indeed command the Israelites to do so in Ezekiel 20:25-26, but as a ruse so they defile themselves:
I gave them other statutes that were not good and laws through which they could not live; I defiled them through their gifts—the sacrifice of every firstborn—that I might fill them with horror so they would know that I am the LORD.
Of course, this further suggests that Yahweh prettily made them do horrible things just to prove a point, another moral problem. The verse in Ezekiel, a later book, written after the abolition of Jewish child sacrifice, seemed to have been conjured up to provide an explanation for Yahweh's older command.

My point here is that Yahweh's followers weren't less violent and bloodthirsty than Ba'al worshippers.

As other said, defending OT morality, or even the NT morality, while still adopting modern morality is doomed to fail. OT morality is especially hard, since the books were written in different eras and by different authors, each one's understanding of morality is different than the other, yielding contradictions (e.g, god liking child sacrifice in the earlier parts but stops liking it after the babylonian exile). I think this just shows again that man made god in his image, not the other way around - first the Jews decided that child
Harmi 说:
Χρήσιμος Ηλίθιος 说:
sacrifice is immoral, than God and his law were reimagined to fit this new idea.

I will digress and say that it was even showed in experiment. Participants were asked what they thing God believed in, which fitted their own beliefs (obviously), and get this - when the experimenters manipulated the participant beliefs, their estimation of God's belief was then usually changed to fit their own new beliefs.
God, in a way, is a projection used to re-enforce social and personal norms.
Χρήσιμος Ηλίθιος 说:
Harmi 说:
The people did practice child sacrifice. Bible tells clearly that they had long periods of time when they were doing exactly that kind of things. Also, the bible is not trying to glorify their life or acts. Instead, it tells a brutal and violent story of people who did almost most of the time everything wrong. It's not a surprise when we find archeological evidence of that kind of stuff among other stuff that is being found. They got punishment from doing so, just like the other cultures also got when they were doing such practices. But they were not worshipping Yahweh when they were doing that kind of practices. Instead, they were worshipping other gods. So, the same people did many things. What you want to indicate is that the Bible is trying to hide some bad deeds of those people. That's not the case. Bible is really telling what they did without hiding their sins. (there is enough evidence of that to know that it definitely is not a "hero story". Those people sucked in many ways. However, giving a child to God was acceptable as a nasiri. Those are the people who were grown up by the priest and Samuel, who was a son of Hannah is a good example of that. You can read that from 1 Samuel.

Also, what that exodus part you quoted means:

Exodus 13:14–15:

“And it shall be when your son asks you in time to come, saying, ‘What is this?’ then you shall say to him, ‘With a powerful hand the Lord brought us out of Egypt, from the house of slavery. It came about, when Pharaoh was stubborn about letting us go, that the Lord killed every firstborn in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of man and the firstborn of beast. Therefore, I sacrifice to the Lord the males, the first offspring of every womb, but every firstborn of my sons I redeem.’”

So it's not about ordering them to kill their sons. It means that the firstborn son belongs to God. (alive).
Χρήσιμος Ηλίθιος 说:
In Ezekiel, the bad law is reffered to by using the verb "עבר", to pass(in the form בהעביר):
...ואטמא אותכם במתנותכם בהעביר כל פטר רחם​
This is damning, since Ezekiel 20:31 condemns people who pass their sons through fire, clearly a reference to child sacrifice.
...ובשאת מתנותכם בהעביר בניכם באש
Moreover, this same verb is used in Leviticus 18:21 too, when talking about sacrifice to Moloch:
...ומזרעך לא תתן להעביר למולך​

Now, to tackle the Exodus verse, it clearly says to give your sons to god and do the same with the oxen and sheep. if it was referring to priesthood, then god is saying here to the Israelites to appoint Ox and Sheep priests, which is absurd. The other interpretation is a call for sacrificing the first male to pass through the womb, whether Ox or Human, on the eighth day.

The later priesthood solution was probably enacted to replace the actual sacrifice. Infact, in Numbers 8:13, the Levites are described as a תנופה, a wave offering:
והעמדת את הלויים לפני אהרון ולפני בניו והנפת אותם תנופה ליהוה.​
. This implies that the ancient Israelites seen the Levites as a substitute for an actual offering.

It's not "later priesthood solution". The reasoning for all that (Egypt) was mentioned in Exodus before the verse you are referring and which you seem to believe to mean child sacrifices. However, if one gives his firstborn to God, it IS a sacrifice, but not in a way you might be thinking, because the son will not be killed, instead he will be in the priest school learning law and scriptures etc. You seem to be thinking that the priests and teachers just randomly appeared from out of nothing. Of course, they were coming from somewhere. And this seems to be the source of them.

Also, the oldest book of Bible, Job, doesn't give any hints of such practices, so I think it's very safe to say that you are building a strawman, even when I don't have enough knowledge of the Hebrew language. However, it's very easy to check your comments with this tool and paste also some random Hebrew if we seem to think it's for some reason is important:

Here is the original place which you linked here: Exodus 22:29 https://biblehub.com/text/exodus/22-29.htm
And here are all the places in the Bible which include the similar way to say "You shall give" and how those are translated in various different translations:
https://biblehub.com/hebrew/titten_5414.htm

For those animals, God is giving an explanation in a different part of the bible, just like he is giving an explanation for the firstborn. Both are being given to God but in a different way. Bible is a very complex book and it includes links and references to different parts of itself a lot. That is a source of confusion very often.
 
I'd like to point out that you said the book of Enok doesn't matter because it's not in the bible. The bible was created by a group of Christian priests who got together in Nicaea and decided what the tenets of this new religion (Christianity) would be. Even then there was a huge amount of debate, and eventually the Bible was intended to read as one full story, with the Creation stories (talk about that later) being the starting point and the end of the world (revelations) being a fiery-brimstoney ending to scare people into line (remember, at this point Christianity was barely dominant, if at all). There was actually a much different book considered for the ending (can't remember what it was) but Revelations was chosen because of its message.

Now let's talk about the two distinct creation stories. It's been a bit since I last read the Bible, but the inclusion of two very unique creation stories indicates that at least one, if not both, are a metaphor. In fact, it's fairly common for even Christians to believe that the first several books of the bible are metaphorical, or at least so lost in translation etc. that the truth has been removed. An important point to remember is that many of the books were only written down after hundreds, if not thousands of years after they had first been told (also a point in the NT, although the timeline seems to be closer for those books).

All this is to say basically, don't take what's in the Bible as absolute. Many of the things included were to serve a purpose, or to emphasize certain parts of the story over others. The books of the Bible were chosen at a time when, among other groups, a sect which celebrated God and Jesus by getting together and having huge drunken orgies was growing, based simply on the fact that God said, "go forth and multiply" and "love your neighbor as yourself".
 
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