Philosophy/Theory Thread.

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That's techincally true. However with association I meant something concrete, like a film or prior experience where the music was being played.
It's possible to hear a piece of music for the first time and immediately feel sad, optimistic or joyful. I'm guessing it can also be funny, I've just never experienced it.
 
Maybe it could go beyond culture. Perhaps some notes/tones we tap into changes our mental view of a situation in certain ways, like vocal calls differing animals have.

 
Jacobhinds said:
Music can't be anything without association of some kind. Even things we take for granted like minor key = sad/evil is culturally specific. Its just like any other sensory function where we tie certain sensory experiences to others.
Horror music is naturally unsettling, because it's meant to resemble the sounds of a baby crying. Nearly all mammals would react that way, as far as I know. So it's not necessarily just culture.
 
Adorno said:
It begs the question whether music itself can be funny, without being accompanied by visuals or words, or associations to these.
There are a few characteristics considered to be funny or at least humorous(grotesque contrasts in texture/rhythm, syncopation). I would take at least some of these works to be humorous:
Beethoven Bagatelles op. 33 no. 2 and 5(couldn't find a fine recording on youtube, try kovacevich on spotify)
Var. 6&28 from this one:

Book one var. 13:

No. 7 in this one:
https://youtu.be/1O4h0AapdbQ
 
So I've read Henri Bergson's Laughter, a book on comedy and humourous things.
I've also read Sigmund Freud's The Uncanny (Das Unheimliche) on what we find scary.
And I see so many similarities between the scary and funny that I think they're closely related.
Yet neither Freud nor Bergson (contemporaries) makes this comparison, only focussing on their specific topic, either laughter or fear.
Is laughter fear in reverse and vice versa, and has anyone written about this specifically?

Both Freud and Bergson present examples that are strikingly similar but from different perspectives.
I will try to do it short:
Animation of dead objects, like talking dolls can be scary, but is also a much used humourous effect, like when animals talk in cartoons or fairy tales.
But to freud reanimation is a manifestation of childhood memories when we didn't distinguish between the dead and living.
(Children actually see their toys as living beings, but as adults we forget/suppress this, and find it scary to be confronted with it again - like a tree at night that looks like a person, or living dead etc.).
Repetition is something Bergson sees as fundamentally humourous. The clown constantly dropping his hat to pick up something he lost, only to lose it again when he graps the hat, in a loop...
Humans behaving mechanical is also, to Bergson, comical, and part of the repetition theme (he goes on at length about this).
But to Freud repetition, such as compulsions to do the same things over and over, is 'uncanny' and frightening. He also mentions doppelgängers and déjà vu.
Warped objects, things taking unusual forms or sizes can be funny, like when Alice in Wonderland grows tiny and enormous, or just a regular object in grotesque size.
But Freud mentions how this is also inherently scary, as it literally warps our perception of reality.

Surprises are a key element in much humour, like the end of a joke taking a turn we didn't expect, or the magician pulling out a rabbit from his hat.
Or just think of a surprise party where the surprised person is thrilled and then laughs. (The word thrilled is ambiguous and means both fear and joy).
But in other scenarios we all know how surprises are scary, even if there's nothing to fear.
(If a person expects something scary they will react with fear. Just think of children not being scared of dangerous animals they've never encountered before).

Some would argue it's not the same. It's simply the context that determines what is funny or scary.
But the fundamental traits of humour and fear appear to have similarities.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncanny
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laughter_(book)
 
Adorno said:

To my mind, both emotions involve anticipation, followed by a sudden, unexpected release of tension. Fear is negatively valenced, whereby the source of the anticipation's relief is revealed to be something that has the potential to cause serious harm. Mirth is positively valenced. As anticipation (a joke's setup) is relieved (a joke's punchline), there's a recognition that it was never worth anticipating in the first place (because the punchline is incongruent with what we were initially anticipating).
 
Sartre outlines a somewhat general theory that could be relevant to your line of questioning in Sketch for a Theory of the Emotions. Specifically, chapter 3 should be the interesting part. If you don't have access to the book I could write a short summary at the end of the week, as I've only eyed it superficially before.
 
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