Tone mapping
Main article: Tone mapping
Tone mapping, in the context of graphics rendering, is a technique used to map colours from high dynamic range (in which lighting calculations are performed) to low dynamic range that matches the capabilities of a computer display device. Typically, the mapping is non-linear - it preserves enough range for dark colours and gradually limits the dynamic range for bright colours. This technique often produces visually appealing images with good overall detail and contrast. Various tone mapping operators exist, ranging from simple real-time methods used in computer games to more sophisticated techniques that attempt to imitate the perceptual response of the human visual system.
Light bloom
Main article: Bloom (shader effect)
Light blooming exaggerates a bright spot in a scene. For example, a bright light in the background will appear to bleed over onto objects in the foreground. This is used to create an illusion to make the bright spot brighter than it really is.