Made the same starting character and gave him 275 of a skill using a mod before and after patch. The only difference I can see is that after the patch having a skill over your limit is more heavily penalized.
Before: skill at 275, limit 220 ---> learning rate 2.8 due to -6 penalty for skill level over learning limit (5 focus points, 8 attribute)
After: skill at 275, limit 220 ---> learning rate 0 due to -14 penalty
Other than that all learning rate and EXP requirements seem identical. It is possible that the change affects how much skill EXP actions provide based on skill lvl (i.e. how much bow skill EXP do you get from doing 100 bow dmg), I have not tested that. But I believe those should be constant, not in any way dependent on skill lvl.