Yes. Around 1000 militarily they fielded bigger and more advanced armies, they were tolerant against other religions, education was more wide spread and easier to obtain, medicine was way more sophisticated. In europe they were mostly busy waging war against each other and being good christiabs
Uhmn... no. The first crusade was the first crusade. the second the second. the third the third. there was no "bigger crusade". But to be fair, yes, their was an overarching goal of all crusades, which was "to check the spread of Islam, to retake control of the Holy Land in the eastern Mediterranean, to conquer pagan areas, and to recapture formerly Christian territories " (https://www.britannica.com/event/Crusades) and that failed in the end, at least until the end of the first world war. That doesnt mean that some of them acchieved what they wanted.
Well thats because you are talking about "the crusade" which isnt a thing, like there isnt "the jihad". there were multiple crusades, and the first of them happened to be a militaric and strategic success. Yes, ofc they wouldnt have succeeded against united moslems, after all the muslimic states where quite superior to their european counterparts in that period of time, both militarily and culturally. Still, conqering 2 of the best defended cities at that time and defeating the enemys that managed to conquer most of byzantines holdings is not a small feat.
well sorry its late where i am about 100 years later.
havnt tested yet, but my first thought was that they function as some kind of replacement if fighting lords and ladys die, mostly due to execution by the player.
I came to the same conclusion, however I've not taken the comment as a complete roadmap but things that are on their priority list right now in this moment. I've seen it as an attempt to please the people who demand a roadmap without giving a roadmap.
I'd say they are talking about kingdom stability and balance, all the mentioned points are vital for having a somewhat stable gameworld after some time. no snowballing, no bankrupt lords, clans being (mostly) where they belong, no huge discrepancy in wealth, no starving towns without hostile interference and so on.