1860s - WEAPONS compendium (please read and VOTE!!)

[b]- Did U know that Early Revolvers were loaded like the Video shows ?[/b] (2 votes allowed)

  • Yes, I knew that perfectly.

    Votes: 45 55.6%
  • Yes, but did not know the exact mechanic of the reloading (Thx a lot, Gab!!)

    Votes: 19 23.5%
  • No, I was confused about how they were reloaded (Thx a lot, Gab!!)

    Votes: 7 8.6%
  • Not at all!! I thought they all used metallic ammos... (Thx a lot, Gab!!)

    Votes: 4 4.9%
  • No, but I don t care about all this. I just want to shoot and have fun!

    Votes: 9 11.1%
  • I voted and then posted a comment. I know that Gab will apreciate....Heheheh....

    Votes: 8 9.9%

  • Total voters
    81

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EDIT by Gabrilduro:
-OPENED FOR PUBLIC REPLIES, QUESTIONS, COMPARISONS. etc etc... -​
A short note to thk once again Highlander, Yellowmosquito ....and all Devs/Contributors of 1866, for full permission on using their Mod...and a special thx goes here to Penis Colada, the main creator of most guns in the game!!!!
Also, a thx to Admiral Thrawn and Gaxleep for opening this Topic because I particularly wanted it, in order to show all weapons in my Mod and their real history and fuctioning.
I asked to lock it, at start, while slowly adding new Posts, step by step.
Now is opened to FAQs, for evbody to easyly read, learn and eventually, post
  :wink:

....a very good Vid on:
COLT'S Caplocks PISTOLS
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vx5vOndeFwM

Pls watch it extensively...it will make you understand why I made some guns skills the way they are....very different from what some Hollywood and Spaghetti italian movies, were showing.... :twisted:

Gab

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Main Researcher:    Admiral Thrawn 
Texts supervisor :  Gaxleep
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Hi everybody,

here we will discuss about the weapons used in the decade in which it is set 1860s Old America, with the help of Admiral Thrawn, an expert  member of the italian forum.

Well, to tell the truth, we'll not gonna discuss so much, because the thread will be closed, a Gab's choice.
But the informations we'll be certainly a nice stuff to look into.

First of all, I'm italian too, and I must apologize in advance about some language mistakes that I'll do for sure.


THE LAST SINGLE SHOT WEAPONS

Although in 1860 it was now clear and proclaimed the spread of weapons with more than one bullet (and will be interesting instead to talk about the differences between them), there were still those who, for various reasons, preferred or was forced to use, even if only for economic reasons, the old single-shot weapons.

In particular, these weapons stayed on the market thanks to the DERRINGER, small pocket pistols designed for the defense at very short range shooting, duel, still quite common in the east, or anzora, in large hunting weapons, often used to give a final blow to injured animals with the long gun (known about that, the Remington Rolling Block).

Here's some pics

20095139396_d1.jpg

With one of these weapons was killed President Lincoln (number 11).
They are weapons with different barrel lengths and size will also change the very shape of the weapon
The Derringer made by H.E. Derringer, a name that would joined all the small pocketed weapons (including the famous Remington derringer double barrel overlapping).

Stay tuned for the other post
 
The last single-shot pistol that is worthy of note is the 1842 model, which was originally muzzleloading and then was converted into a cartridge weapon  (especially by the Confederates during the Civil War). It could be found in different calibers and was considered a very accurate and powerful weapon.
The Model 1842 finally fell into disuse with the advent of Remington Rolling Block, a powerful single-shot breech-loading gun, which was used often, as has been said above, to kill the animals injured during the hunt, but also used as a weapon of long distance shooting (there were versions with a very long barrel  and a carabine model), was adopted by the U.S. Navy as a personal weapon for sailors, his caliber was .50

Rolling Block
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1842 Model
DSC00174.jpg

Among the weapons "in transit" between the old system and single shot percussion revolvers and subsequent multiple shots, it is interesting to mention two important guns that made history, one about to the pocket weapons and the other concerning the first multiple guns worn laterally.
We're talking about the Sharp Derringer and Pepperbox model.

The Sharp Derringer (1840s) was a gun at first sight rather crude, consisting of 4 rods stacked 2 by 2 and chambered in .22 caliber, it was initially a muzzle-loading weapon , but was converted into a cartridge gun until it reaches the .32 caliber.
Was used by gamblers, prostitutes and professionals who do not have the need to show their weapons in public, or as a secondary weapon to hide from marshals and cash transporters.

200951320529_d4.jpg

1-A.Sharps four-barrel cal32
2-A.Sharps last version
3-W.Marston's three-shot pocket pistol
4-W.Marston's last version
5-Dickinson single-shoot cal32
6-Another Sharps last model
7-Frank Wesson two-shot pistol (the central pipe is a small knife)
10-Remington-Elliot four barrel cal32
11-Remington double deringer
12-Sharps model
13-Another Sharps model
14-Marston three-barrel pistol
15-E.T.Starr four barrel
16-Remington "shaw handle" cal30 and cal41
17-D.Williamson "deringer" cal41

The name "Pepperbox" was the term which in general were identified these weapons with multiple rotating barrels (for the fact that resembled precisely to a pepper container) and indicated a type of muzzle loading gun with very particular features, formed by a series of rods muzzleloading overlapping or circular, which were then activated one at a time from a single striker.
Note that, since there was no system of rotation of the barrels, these had to be rotated by hand whenever a barrel was discharged.
There was also versions with barrels with more strikers permettavano to shoot with different barrels at the same time.
They had various calibers (usually .31) and could have more rods (usually 4 to 6) and spread very popular during the gold rush in California in 1848, because they were less expensive and bulky compared to the revolver that came later but which caused the disappearance of the Pepperbox model from the market in just over a decade.

Pepperbox - Allen & Thurben.
pepperbox.jpg

A 15 barrels Pepperbox.
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A pepperbox with 10 barrels overlapping in 5 rows of 2.
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A 7 barrels Pepperbox.
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The Pepperbox model survived the advent of revolvers as pocket weapons when every room of pepperbox drum also served as a barrel.

foldable-dagger-pepperbox-knuckle-duster.jpg
Here is a "special" pepperbox made ​​from brass knuckles, often craft and used by bodyguards and thugs in eastern cities and in Europe.

Edit by Gabby:
Great work sofar!!
....I didn t even know the pepperbox had so many multiple barrels versions... :shock:

You got deserved compliments on the new version 0.95 Topic, by Marecone as well !! 
:cool:
 

SAMUEL COLT REVOLUTION: THE PATERSON MODEL

1836 was a turning point year, when Samuel Colt patented what is considered the first true revolver: The Colt Paterson

For the first time there was a weapon endowed with a cylinder in which to insert the bullets (5) that went out of an only reed.
It was operated through the raising of the hammer set on the back of the "castle": lifted the hammer, the trigger sprouted then from the stem, that had to manually be operated.

A revolution, a weapon that did the history of the American west and the Indian wars, that was suffered adopted from the Texas Rangers and that it allowed them to reduce the due disadvantage to the being few men against hundreds of Indian warriors.

Legends apart, and despite the undisputed brought innovation, the Paterson had in itself all the defects of a "first generation weapon" and of a prototype: First of all the recharge was long indeed, it asked for to materially get off the cylinder from the "castle", with the consequent risks to waste screws and time. Every room had to manually be loaded inserting ball, dust and grease, the trigger was placed then in the wicks drawn by the drum.

A Paterson model.
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A Paterson with a rammer-lever added later.
Pat1.jpg

A Paterson with the hammer lifted and trigger exposed.
Colt_Paterson_1836.jpg



 

THE FAMILY GROWS: WALKER, DRAGOON, POCKET, NAVY, ARMY


The war with Mexico was the occasion for Colt to get into the great game of military supplies. Assisted by Captain Walker, Samuel Colt designed a large-caliber gun, with many rounds and a cylinder, to be entrusted to the American cavalry. Thus was born the Colt Walker, then evolved in much the same Colt Dragoon.

They were big guns (barrels by 7 and 9 inches)  .44 caliber, weighing almost 2 kg when discarged,  were transported in pairs (even 4 at a time) related to the saddle by the dragoons of the U.S. cavalry during the war with Mexico (1845-4:cool:. The firepower given by many guns with more shots was one of the extra cards that allowed the dragoons to defeat the Mexican counterparts: the Lanceros.

In 1849 colt patented what became the weapon by far the most widely sold in the far west, although some believe from cowboy movies that this primacy is up to the Colt SSA 1873.
We're talking about Colt Pocket revolver black powder and muzzleloading of which were produced many models (rod by 3 or 4 inches, with or without rammer-lever, 5 shots .36 caliber or 6 shots  with .31 caliber, plus various conversions in cartridge releases).
Because of its convenience in transportation, and as better used than the old pepperbox, this weapon spread like wildfire among civilians, especially among the gold diggers and security officers of banks and diligence (should be noted that one of the models, with a barrel 3, .31 caliber and without rammer-lever, was named Colt 1849 Wells Fargo).

The success of the Pocket not distracted Colt about the major military commissions, and the model 1851 Colt Navy with .36 caliber was designed just for the Navy, a true middle ground between the enormity of the Dragoon and the convenience of Pocket.
For purists of the western movie, we're talking about the weapon used by Clint Eastwood in "The Good the Bad and the Ugly" and had a great spread in the race for the West, both as a military weapon and civil one also.
Was converted to cartridge after 1870, although many gunmen (including the legendary Wild Bill Hitckock) preferred to keep the old system in black powder, since he did not trust bullets packed at the factory.

In 1860, finally, to fight rival Remington model 1858 that was very successful, Colt developed a new revolver, designed to take the place of Walker as the main weapon in the supplies for the Army: we are talking about the Colt 1860 Army, .44 caliber, 6 rounds cylinder, lighter and handier than the Dragoon while maintaining the high impact power. At the same time it was developed a civilian version called Colt Police, similar in appearance but the caliber were reduced to .36 with a 5 shots cylinder, the barrel lengths was between 6 and 4 inches. Both weapons were converted to metallic cartridge later.

Colt Walker.
walker.jpg

Colt Pocket with rammer-lever.
1849-colt-pocket-revolver-2.jpg

Colt Pocket, various models (Uberti replicas).
bp1848Baby.jpg

The famous Colt Navy.
trad_18511.jpg

Colt Army.
M1860_Colt_Army.jpg

Colt Police with accessories.
KucerColtPolice.jpg


 

REMINGTON, A COLT COMPETITOR

Edit by Gab:
Check this Wiki also:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remington_Model_1858

Just as Colt reached the pinnacle of success with his revolver, Remington, already known for its great guns and the gun in one shot Rolling Block entered the market producing on a large scale what was to become not only the most dangerous Colt opponent during the years 1860/70, but also one of the best revolver ever built, both with regard to the aesthetic appearance for the effectiveness and functionality.

The Remington New Model Army in 1858 was a powerful .44 caliber pistol with a barrel length between 7 and 8 inches. Compared to the colt, the "castle" was closed, with a supplementary target organ connecting the hammer to the barrel and the weapon that gave greater precision to the shooter and protection against hot flashes resulting from the detonation at the time of the shooting. In addition, the gun was more resistant and durable than the Colts. Another important feature of the remington was given by the ease of recharging: lowering the elegant "sail" placed underneath the barrel, in fact, was freed the fixing pin of the drum, which could come unhooked and quickly be replaced with one already loaded and locked again . A much more simple operation compared with the colt, where it was necessary to remove the drum and unscrew the castle, an unthinkable operation while at horse and more thant that during a battle.

The strength of the castle closed, the charging speed and elegance of the forms of Remington made ​​one of the best revolver ever appeared.
After the new model army they were developed other models, in direct competition with colt in the market for civil and military weapons: first came the Remington Pocket to 5 shots in .31 barrel of variable length between 1 and 4 inches, then the New Model navy and Police .36 caliber and barrel length variable between 2 and 4 inches of Police and 6 of the navy.

All that Remington weapons were converted to cartridge in .45, .32 and .38 caliber.

New Model Army 1858.
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The beautiful Remington Navy.
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A Remington model with drum removed.
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A Remington cartridge-converted with a double system of charging: sideways to a shot at a time with the rammer lever (similar to the colt SSA) or by the change of the drum like muzzleloaders models.
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Remington Pocket: the trigger retractable removed the need for the bridge, so the weapon was more practical on the extraction from the pockets.
20091040211_new%20pocket.jpg

A Remington New Police with a 1.5 inch barrel.
200910402414_new%20police.jpg

The Remington Rider, designed for the civil market, had the distinction of being a double action revolver.
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Remington had its clones too: here is a Roger & Spencer.
ing-roger-and-spencer.jpg


 

THE BEGINNING OF AN EMPIRE: THE SMITH & WESSON


While Colt and other large firms for the period (Remington Starr etc.) were vying for dominance on the muzzle loading firearms field, a young and almost unknown company, begin the adventure about metal cartridges in the world of western weapons; these cartridges were already quite widespread in Europe and used in the long weapons.

Just about the bullets of that time it must be said that it was not proper the same used to seeing today: the shells were sometimes made ​​of cardboard, the powder was still being manually loaded and the ball could have diverse shapes also tended to erupt in hand, to catch fire, be unusable with the rain (this fault in muzzle loading firearms was "avoided" by lining the rooms of fat) and also had a power much lower than that of the muzzle loading guns.

The first attempt of the future Smith & Wesson (when it was still called Norwich Co. in 1855) weapon was big, heavy and underpowered, it was the Lever Action Repeating Pistol. A failure, but it had the considerable advantage of laying the first stone of what will become the most popular weapon of the far west: the Winchester! The LARP, in fact, either in a gun to rifle, anticipated the lever mechanism that would later be used by the conqueror of the West, but the time (and cartridges) was not yet ripe.

The second test was more successful and was the Smith & Wesson Model 1 during 1857: it was a "Wimp" with 7 rounds in .22 caliber and a barrel length of 3 inches. A real miniature, however, by the power of fire very low (a leather coat was already a good bulletproof jacket against him) but because of its size and its weight was quite successful as a weapon in the handbag or garter for ladies, especially those who, practicing the oldest profession in the world, planned to have to use with any of their customers become violent, scantily clad.

The value of the weapon though was the ease of reloading: you just drop a pin manually to "open" the gun upward and slide the shells on the ground, crawled quickly 7 rounds, closed again and was again ready to fire, faster even of Remington and without the need to have multiple drums to recharge.

The revolution, however, was the Smith & Wesson Model 2 in 1860, which combines the advantages of the first-born with the most powerful .32 caliber. The size and the precision of the weapon also useful for military use. The cartridges also now completely shell metal, gave the confidence that was missing from the black powder, even in the raining times.

Surely the Model 2 was one of the weapons found in the epic western, both in the hands of the military (though not ever become a weapon of order, except for the 7th Kentucky) and in those of pioneers, cowboys and gold diggers.

It was also the forerunner with what will become a true legend, the glorious Model 3, better known as Schofield or Russia, which will see the light in powerful calibers .44 and .45, from 1870 onwards.

The Lever Action Repeating Pistol, known as Volcanic!
2009101132338_30.jpg

Smith & Wesson model 1.
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Smith & Wesson model 1 version 2.
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The legendary Smith & Wesson Model 3 Schofield sees the disappearance of the pop-up trigger and the introduction of the big guns military.
20091130133430_schofield.jpg

The Model 3 was also successful outside of the United States. In the picture the Russian model, supplied the army of the Tsar to the Soviet revolution. It was also exported to Japan, Turkey and Egypt.
20091128141530_russian.jpg


 

UNDER THE SHADOW OF THE GIANTS

Outside the undisputed spread of weapons that have been mentioned earlier, there were a myriad of factories, models and even artisans, in America as in Europe, able to manufacture and market all types of weapons, sometimes special or just functional, more often mere copies of the most successful Colt, Remington and so on.

STARR ARM

One of the most important of these factories was the Starr Arms Co., which also had several contracts by the U.S. Army during the Civil War. There is talk of several thousand weapons, almost 50 thousand, produced in different caliber (.36 and .44), and then converted muzzle-loading cartridge. Detail of these weapons was, in addition to the castle closed and all its qualities of which has been discussed in treating of Remington, being almost all double action, or not take the weapons to shoot the dog, in enough traction on the trigger.

Clint Eastwood in "Unforgiven" uses a Starr dual-action, at least until he is seized by Gene Hackman.

Starr 1858 Army dual-action.
400px-Starr.jpg

Clint Eastwood shoots with a Starr (Unforgiven, 1992).
800px-UnforgivenStarr1858-2.jpg

LEMAT

It is due to Dr. Alexandre LeMat, French emigrated to New Orleans, the design and development of one of the most unique revolver of that era: the LeMat, available in caliber .42 and .36 was a big muzzle-loading revolver that contained 9 strokes, to which was added, via the big barrel placed below the primary one, a single shot caliber .50 loadable also with pellets. It was used by Confederate troops during the Civil War, but despite its efficacy was heavy, bulky and difficult weapon to reload. These weapons were produced also for the use with the spiked cartridges used for the LeFacheux guns.
Used by Gutzon, the Swedish champion in "The Quick and the Dead".

A Le Mat.
Le_Mat_Revolver.jpg

Gudson manually recharge his LeMat (The Quick and the Dead 1995).
600px-TQTDLeMat1861-2.jpg

LEFACHEUX

During the Empire colt in the USA, Europe was spreading more rapidly a revolver at the time revolutionary, we're talking about LeFacheux produced in many variations and sizes, much imitated and widely used by armies across Europe. While Colt had just created his first Paterson, in 1836, LeFacheux already patenting his revolver with pin cartridge (it was in fact a pin copper to generate the trigger that allowed the detonation). Was used by the French in the Franco-Mexican War until 1866, and the Confederates, at least until the blockade unionist not prevented supplies.

Used by Baron Von Schubert in "La resa dei conti" movie (The showdown, 1967).

LeFacheux - 1854.
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LeFacheux double action without jumper (should be ideal to shoot yourself in the foot hurt inserting into the sheath).
DSC04048.jpg

A 20 rounds LeFacheux (!!!), was produced both single and double action.
7mm-Pinfire-Lefaucheux-Revolver.jpg

Kirschbaum revolver, one of many (good) LeFacheux clones, 9mm, double action.
Kirschbaum.jpg

BEAUMONT ADAMS

When released, the 5-shot cylinder outperformed Colt, outselling them easily in Britain and on the European continent. One of the main reasons that the colonial powers preferred it was because of its .442 huge stopping power and quicker reload time, though heavier to carry than the Colt. Those features forced Colt to close operations in the UK, though they soon recovered with the 1860 and 1861 modelsLittle used in the American continent, was undoubtedly one of the most important weapons in England in the second half of 1800. It was a nice revolver, vaguely similar to Remington, double action, .42 or .36 caliber, born like a muzzle-loading in 1856 and then converted to the pin cartridge. Used by the British Armed Forces and the Canadian Mounted Police.

Beaumont Adams.
Handgun-Beaumont-Adams.JPG
.
WHITNEY REVOLVER SPILLER & BURR

Clones Remingtton-Beals was produced in New Jersey in a few thousand pieces used mainly by local armed forces.

Whitney Revolver.
te0426.jpg

Spiller&Burr.
spille10.jpg

MORTIMER & SAVAGE NORTH NAVY REVOLVER

A particular gun that was not very successful, partly because of its instability and a very limited production. Particular system, double action, with which the trigger is pulled, rubbed the hammer on the trigger, as if to strike a match. In 1860 he derived the particular Savage North, revolver used during the civil war in about 20 thousand pieces) and known especially for the particular shape and complexity of the mechanism. It was a 36 caliber.

Mortimer Revolver.
Mortimer%20Revolver.jpg

Savage North pocket size 28: activating the ring he got the hammer and the drum rotated, each action of the ring with the hammer up the drum rotated a notch, so you could choose the room with which to focus and shoot, then, it was enough to pull the trigger. Easy.
2009823152727_369.jpg

Savage North caliber 36: every time you drove the lower lever, drum withdrew and turned a room, and then you could shoot by pressing the trigger.
2009823154212_370.jpg
 
Great job!  Really nice and clear.
...And covering all the weapons that are in the 1860s Mod. All revolvers and pistols, sofar.

Special THX to Admiral_Thrawn for following my specific requests, sometimes annoying and hard to do, always pleasing my needs and tastes. I know it is not always so simple!  :twisted:

But many things were already very useful for my recent modding! 
Gab
PS...noticed that references to movies...nice! :wink:
 

SUNSET OF THE FLINTLOCK


The evolution from old systems to modern flintlock cartridge included also the vast market of guns, both civilian and military.
Although large units of line fusiliers lasted until the last decades of the nineteenth century, from the 50s of 1800 began to be see more and more often skirmishers and scouts with modern weapons with rifled barrel and breechblock able to develop a volume of fire almost three times higher than that of a soldier equipped with an old musket capable of firing at most two strokes per minute.

The conversion system from the fuse and gunpowder in the breechloading cartridge inserted directly into the breech and was spread very widely used. A main example of the effectiveness of such weapons was the "Wagon box fight" fought in 1867, in which a few dozen union soldiers armed with rifles converted to Springfield cartridge resisted the overwhelming forces of the Lakota Coalition.

The Springfield, in particular, in its many variations cartridge and not, was the absolute protagonist of the Civil War and the Indian wars, at least for military equipment. It was produced in millions of copies in rifle versions or carbine, with a .58 caliber muzzle-loading and afterwards with cartridge in 58-70, was a rifle quick to reload, easy to use and with a high precision, lethal within and beyond 800 meters. The Trapdoor version 1q873 barrel 32-inch (22 for the cavalry carbine version) in 45-70 caliber was used by the U.S. Army until the dawn of the XXth century, when already many armies had passed the bolt-action rifles (heirs of the French Chassepot) with more shots.

Another muzzle-loading guns that are worth talking about, is the Colt Revolving Rifle: In substance it was applied the revolver philosophy (Paterson) to the length of the barrel of a gun or a rifle.
It was produced in different sizes (36, 44 and 56) and some of these were given to General Garibaldi when he was about to accomplish the feat of uniting Italy, to be able to experiment enforceability on the ground as a rifle infantry. Despite the victory of Garibaldi in his fight with the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, this rifle weapon proved difficult to use and recharge, and even dangerous, because the outbreak of the charges was a contemporary (often was loaded with too much gunpowder) and the eyes of the soldiers were too close to the drum at the time of the shooting, which led to serious injuries for soldiers.

For these reasons, the Colt Revolving Rifle failed to succeed even when the outbreak of the American Civil War. Later it was completely overshadowed by the most innovative Winchester, Springfield and Spencer.

A Springfield Musket Model 1861, later converted to cartridge.
Springfield_1861.jpg

Springfield Trapdoor (replicas).
pd-trapdoor-x3.jpg

A Trapdoor "opened" for charging.
1884%20Trapdoor%20Breech.jpg

A Colt Revolving Rifle for the cavalry.
Colt_carbine.jpg

Colt revolving rifle: Dragoon model.
23102_r.jpg


 

THE BREECH-LOADERS RIFLES


Regardless of the legends on the use of winchester (which are discussed below), the rulers of the scene during the American Civil War and the immediacy of its conclusion were definitely the rifles with cartridge and single shot. It existed in dozens of variants, by the aforementioned springfield to the Europeans Chassepot, the first example of the bolt action system that will remain in vogue until after the Second World War.

One of the most important guns used in both military and civilian era was the famous Sharp, present since 1850 in several versions and much appreciated for its fast charging, the incredible precision and the powerful .58 caliber, suitable for both hitting large animals such as bison and to maintain the lethality of the shot even at great distances. Negatives were the weight and length, which made them difficult to transport arms. It was much used in particular by Confederate snipers and Indians, so that even in 1886 Geronimo used as their main weapon a rifle Sharp.

Along the same line of thought marched two other great rifles at the time: The Burnside, reliable single-shot rifle and fast charging, and the big Maynard, all available in various sizes and excellent for hunting and for self-defense.

Along with these great rifles primarily designed for shooters on the ground, were developed in different variants of lighter caliber like 44 or 45/70 and designed for use on horseback, they were both rapid in discharges of musketry before a charge to the saber for any resistance when you get off the saddle. All major players of this type of weapon were the aforementioned Springfield Trapdoor, but also Smith and Tarpley rifles, that were a lucky choice during the civil war in that role.

A due mention must be made to the Greene Breechloading Rifle.
The Greene Breechloading Rifle, with its underhammer design and unusual oval-shaped bore, was invented by U.S. Army Lt. Col. J. Durrell Greene. Production took place between c. 1859 to the early 1860s. Approximately 1,500 Greene Rifles were produced for sale in the United States, and an additional 3,000 were made for the Russian Government. Although the Greene was the first American military bolt-action rifle, only 900 were purchased by the U.S. Army. SN 3744

The Greene Breechloading Rifle, with its underhammer design and unusual oval-shaped bore, was invented by U.S. Army Lt. Col. J. Durrell Greene. Greene purchased the machinery for producing his oval-rifled barrels from the Charles Lancaster firm of London, England, the originator of this easy-to-clean style of rifling. These arms were manufactured by A. H. Waters of Millbury, Massachusetts. Approximately 1,500 Greene Rifles were produced for sale in the United States, and an additional 3,000 were made for the Russian Government.

Although the Greene was the first American military bolt-action rifle, only 900 were purchased by the U.S. Army. Unlike other underhammer arms, these rifles required the percussion cap to be placed on a cone that was located under the barrel. When the hammer was cocked, there was nothing to hold the cap in place. These frequently fell off, often at inopportune times.

The Greene also required the loading of two bullets, one of which served as a gas seal. In the initial loading sequence, a bullet was inserted, followed by a powder charge, then a second bullet. The first bullet actually left the muzzle when the rifle was discharged, while the second remained in the breech to prevent propellant gasses from escaping. When the rifle was re-loaded, this bullet was advanced into the bore, followed by a powder charge and a new "gas seal" bullet. The process would be continually repeated; thus each bullet saw dual use - first as a breech gas seal, and next as a projectile on the subsequent shot.

By clicking on this link you can see some images, courtesy of the National Firearms Museum.

Last in our discussion, but not for diffusion were the double-barreled guns, breechloading or not, with buckshot or cartridge, they become a standard among the Confederate soldiers and the guards of trains and coaches too, as well as used by sheriffs, civilians and even outlaws.

A Sharp carbine.
p59sharpsberdan.GIF

Chassepot bolt action.
chasspot_main.jpg

A nice Burnside rifle: Like the sharp rifle, the shell was ejected by activating the lever behind the trigger which then was closed again to insert the new cartridge into the barrel.
7458804_10_l.jpg

To reload the Smith rifle, you had to open completely by rotating the barrel on a stud.
Smith.jpg

A Tarpley carbine. Was recharged by turning a ring on the top of the barrel that gave access to the cartridge chamber.
MG-517%20%20%20%20Tarpley%20breech%20loading%20carbine%201863.jpg

A Maynard carbine.
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A fine collection of carbines, from top: Josllyn model 1864 .52, .54 Starr Carbine, Linder .58 rifle, 50 caliber Warner, Maynard second model .50 .54 Type I Merril.
Case_10_b.jpg

A famous picture of a Confederate armed with double-barreled shotgun.
f13.jpg

 
....a very good Vid on:
COLT'S Caplocks PISTOLS
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vx5vOndeFwM

Pls watch it extensively...it will make you understand why I made some guns skills the way they are....very different from what some Hollywood and Spaghetti italian movies, were showing.... :twisted:

Gab
 

THE FIRST REPEATING RIFLES

With the rise of metal cartridges, it was only a matter of time for the production of weapons that exploit the simplicity of the new system on the breech loaders and that included the insertion of more shots inside the guns.
It was an attempt succeeded only in part, as we have already seen, with the Colt Revolving Rifle.

The first repeating rifles were born in the wake of the failure of the "Volcanic Repeating Gun": The "Volcanic Repeating Rifle" used the same loading system through the front door and use the lever to cock the hammer and eject the empty shells. All these systems are behind the great success of the future Henry and Winchester rifles, but because of the uncertainties in the materials of the weapon and cartridges, made ​​the volcanic a kind of non-working prototype of what would become the most important weapons of the west conquest.

A concept similar to that of volcanic, was that of the considerable Ball Carbine, which had the charge at the top rather than on the lateral side. It was a weapon ordinance USA, they were built a few thousand in 1863 and handed over to the Cavalry.
It was a .50 caliber chambered in 7 shots Whose shells were ejected When the dog was armed to seize the cartridge charge.

Do not forget the famous Spencer Repeating Rifle, provided the army with Yankee design that dates back to 1862, this rifle was also well chamber in 7 rounds with 52-56 caliber (.52 caliber was for the cavalry).
The special feature of this rifle was fast in the insertion of the butt of the rifle shots instead of putting them in a tank under the barrel, sometimes the shots were previously inserted in a magazine.
To be able to recharge it was necessary to eject the cartridge case by a lever and then cock the hammer to fire a new cartridge.
It is used by Morgan Freeman and Clint Eastwood in the film "Unforgiven".

A Volcanic carbine, extremely similar to what will be the Henry and consequently the Winchester.
volcanic_carbine.jpg

A Ball carbine in which we see the tank loading.
photo1z.jpg

Again, a Ball carbine.
20091230182951_ball.jpg

A Spencer carbine where you can see the loading system.
Spencer_illustrated.jpg

Spencer infantry rifle.
Spencer-rifle.JPG

Clint Eastwood charging a Spencer (Unforgiven).
800px-UnforgivenSpencer1860-9.jpg

Morgan Freeman with the Spencer.
800px-UnforgivenSpencer1860-3.jpg

 
Thread open for all to participate.

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EDIT by Gabrilduro:
Thx to Gaxleep and Admiral Thrown for the big effort done on this.  :cool:

-OPENED FOR PUBLIC REPLIES, QUESTIONS, COMPARISONS. etc etc... -​

A short note to thk once again Highlander, Yellowmosquito ....and all Devs/Contributors of 1866, for full permission on using their Mod...and a special thx goes here to Penis Colada, the main creator of most guns in the game!!!!
Also, again, an affectionated thx to Admiral Thrawn and Gaxleep for opening this Topic because I particularly wanted it, in order to show all weapons in my Mod and their real history and fuctioning.
I asked to lock it, at start, while slowly adding new Posts, step by step.
Now is opened to FAQs, for evbody to easyly read, learn and eventually, post
  :wink:

....a very good Vid on:
COLT'S Caplocks PISTOLS
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vx5vOndeFwM

Pls watch it extensively...it will make you understand why I made some guns skills the way they are....very different from what some Hollywood and Spaghetti italian movies, were showing.... :twisted:

If U found the  1847 Whitneville Walker Colt heavy, slow ...but powerful like an hand cannon...
or the Sharps Rifle precise and deadful...
or the Remington a very practical revolver....
....etc etc etc....

....then I reached my goal: taking the old west and ACW guns at your home !!  :mrgreen:

....FEEDBACK here on all that, c'mon!  :wink:

Gab
 
Great thread, loads of info.
Just thought I'd make a point on the
Beaumont-Adams. When released, the 5-shot cylinder outperformed Colt, outselling them easily in Britain and on the European continent. One of the main reasons that the colonial powers preferred it was because of its .442 huge stopping power and quicker reload time, though heavier to carry than the Colt. Those features forced Colt to close operations in the UK, though they soon recovered with the 1860 and 1861 models.
 
Thx Lain!  :wink:
Just added ur precious and documented info up above as well.
I actually modified some guns, changing the size (Beaumont and some other are bigger now) and even the position in the hand.
U need a Glove or a True hands item, to have the good position, though, with the index finger in the trigger position
How do U "feel" the weapons, as I skilled and positioned them?

Gab
PS....feedback FOLKS....feeeeedback!!  :razz:
 
GABRILDURO said:
Thx Lainncli:wink:
Just added ur precious and documented info up above as well.
I actually modified some guns, changing the size (Beaumont and some other are bigger now) and even the position in the hand.
U need a Glove or a True hands item, to have the good position, though, with the index finger in the trigger position
How do U "feel" the weapons, as I skilled and positioned them?

Gab
PS....feedback FOLKS....feeeeedback!!  :razz:

JOE yes, true.
I set them and some other guns/items to 10% as for frequency to find them...due to their real rarety in the Usa and Mexico.
Gab

PS....Seen ur marriage and replied where u posted it...hehehe...
 
Everyone always forgets the Greene Rifle:

http://www.nramuseum.org/the-museum/the-galleries/a-nation-asunder/case-37-arms-for-the-union-union-rifles,-a-northern-arms-factory/greene-breechloading-underhammer-percussion-rifle.aspx

Rare, but interesting.
 
Thx. I m sure Gax will add that up above, where rifles are  :wink:

Pls post also ur opinion on weapons in game, compared to real ones.
Here is one comment:
EggsBenedictArnold said:
Been going between this and AR, loving both.
The setting, the music, and the guns really define this mod. Like your other mods Gabrilduro, the time setting is interesting and full of rich history. The fact that it's a Western setting also adds to the appeal for anyone who's a fan of Westerns, and the Civil War time period is chocked full of historical goodness as well.
As for gameplay, the guns really define this aspect I think. The weapons are DEADLY, just as they would have been. Some may think that being able to be killed in one shot is a bit unbalanced gameplay wise, but I think it really demonstrates a clear difference between muskets and the guns of the period. Revolvers and repeating rifles changed the landscape of the battlefield, and there's a real sense of danger in this sometimes. In large battles, not using cover to your advantage can quickly lead to your death and losing the battle.
Sieges are very fun, but can be difficult. Staring down the barrels of that many rifles is daunting, just as it should be. The tides can turn quickly as well if your men get bottled up. Sharpshooters can nail you in the head quicker than you can force bodies through that chokepoint, so you need to lead your men. Closing the distance can also be a game changer, again as it should be. Bayonets, knifes, and swords can be the difference between victory and defeat. So if you're trying to pour the lead on, you need to be wary of the enemy closing the distance and be ready to charge first.
There are still a few minor problems, but nothing that should deter anyone from playing and appreciating the work put into this mod.

Absolutely magnificent description of the new fighting situation, compared to previous version and to my other Mods, Eggs!  :cool:
I knew things were not perfect on that side, but some suggestions and expecially Admiral Thrawn and Mickdick's precious comments and opinions, made me to go for a huge change in guns skills.

In real life, though, we all know that fatigue, panic, climatic conditions and bad maintainance of their own weapons, made soldiers and expecially, civilians, to miss their target, expecially from medium to long distance.
Only way I had to re-balance the tremendous impact and damage, then, was to elevate the air friction. So that, at a certain distance, only few powerful rifles can still kill.

Thx as usual for ur valuable opinion, and keep on the good testing work!
(....and may be that promised good Vid?.... :twisted: )

And last, in old good Gabrilduro s tradition, U guys will find that some few weapons have a special  MODIFIED version (kind of Cheating...) and have real deadly skills.
They DO NOT get assigned to normal troops, and are just for sale or around the map.
So it is JUST UP TO THE PLAYER, if he wants to use them or ignore them.
Pls, DO NOT refer to those Special and MODIFIED weapons, when comparing to historical ones.
This is a very important point. :wink:
Gab
 
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